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arXiv 2203.04846cond-mat.softcond-mat.dis-nn
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变形表面干扰

Jamming on deformable surfaces

Zhaoyu Xie, Timothy J Atherton

摘要:

堵塞是一种基本的转变,它控制着颗粒介质的机械行为,包括沙子,泡沫和稠密的悬浮液,但也包括生物组织:在压缩时,颗粒介质可以从自由流动变成无序的固体。干扰以前被认为是一种涉及粒子在固定几何形状中运动的整体现象。然而,在不同类别的软材料中,固化可以在可变形的几何形状中发生,例如在流体液滴的表面上或在宝石的形成中。在这些系统中,干扰的性质和动态仍然是未知的。在这里,我们提出并研究了一个方案,我们称之为度量干扰,旨在捕捉形状和粒子之间的复杂相互作用。与经典的干扰过程中表现出离散的机械过渡,令人惊讶的是,我们发现,度量堵塞状态具有的机械性能,是连续可调的经典堵塞和传统的弹性介质之间。还观察到耦合颗粒和表面自由度的新型振动模式。我们的工作奠定了基础,统一的理解,在可变形的几何形状的干扰,利用干扰的控制和稳定的形状在自组装过程中,并提供了新的工具,询问在可变形介质中的固化过程更普遍。

英文摘要:

Jamming is a fundamental transition that governs the mechanical behavior of particulate media, including sand, foam and dense suspensions but also biological tissues: Upon compression, particulate media can change from freely flowing to a disordered solid. Jamming has previously been conceived as a bulk phenomenon involving particle motions in fixed geometries. In a diverse class of soft materials, however, solidification can take place in a deformable geometry, such as on the surface of a fluid droplet or in the formation of a bijel. In these systems the nature and dynamics of jamming remains unknown. Here we propose and study a scenario we call metric jamming that aims to capture the complex interactions between shape and particles. Unlike classical jamming processes that exhibit discrete mechanical transitions, surprisingly we find that metric jammed states possess mechanical properties that are continuously tunable between those of classical jammed and conventional elastic media. New types of vibrational mode that couple particulate and surface degrees of freedom are also observed. Our work lays the groundwork for a unified understanding of jamming in deformable geometries, to exploit jamming for the control and stabilization of shape in self-assembly processes, and provides new tools to interrogate solidification processes in deformable media more generally.

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