医学超声中普遍存在幂律
Power laws prevail in medical ultrasound
摘要：
医学超声的主要课题在于波通过组织传播的物理学。这些包括后向散射、声速、衰减和斑点形成的基本处理。每个主题都有自己丰富的历史，词典编纂和特殊的治疗。然而，有充分的证据表明，幂律关系在与医学超声相关的所有基本现象中都在基本水平上起作用。这篇综述论文的发展，从文献在过去的60年里，积累的理论基础和实验证据，指出幂律行为的基础上最重要的组织波相互作用的超声和剪切波，现在在弹性成像。幂律的共同框架可以作为主题的连贯概述，并作为改进组织表征的手段。
英文摘要：
Major topics in medical ultrasound rest on the physics of wave propagation through tissue. These include fundamental treatments of backscatter, speed of sound, attenuation, and speckle formation. Each topic has developed its own rich history, lexicography, and particular treatments. However, there is ample evidence to suggest that power law relations are operating at a fundamental level in all the basic phenomena related to medical ultrasound. This review paper develops, from literature over the past 60 years, the accumulating theoretical basis and experimental evidence that point to power law behaviors underlying the most important tissue-wave interactions in ultrasound and in shear waves which are now employed in elastography. The common framework of power laws can be useful as a coherent overview of topics, and as a means for improved tissue characterization.
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