基于介质调制的分子通信
Media Modulation based Molecular Communication
AI总结：
针对传统分子通信需发射机补充并释放分子的问题，提出利用外部光切换光致变色分子状态的介质调制方案，并建模与检测分析，证明其可实现可靠传输。
摘要：
在传统分子通信（MC）系统中，用于信息传输的信号分子由发射机（TX）储存、释放，随后再进行补充。然而，在实际中于TX处补充信号分子颇具挑战。此外，在大多数设想的MC应用中，例如医疗领域，将TX置入MC系统并不可取，因为这可能损害自然生物过程。本文提出基于介质调制的MC概念，其中TX置于信道外部，并利用系统内已存在的信号分子。信号分子可呈现不同状态，这些状态可由外部刺激切换。因此，在基于介质调制的MC中，TX将信息调制到信号分子的状态中。具体而言，我们利用一类光致变色分子进行介质调制，这类分子会经历光诱导的可逆状态转换。我们研究了这些分子在三维管道系统中的信息传输用途，该系统包含擦除器、TX和接收器，分别通过外部光对信息进行擦除、写入和读取。我们建立了接收信号的统计模型，该模型考虑了系统中信号分子的分布、信号分子的初始状态、状态控制机制的可靠性、无法抑制的自发状态切换的随机性，以及分子传播的随机性。我们采用了最大似然检测器和基于阈值的检测器。此外，我们分别推导了最优阈值和所得误码率（BER）的解析表达式。结果表明，介质调制能够实现可靠的信息传输，验证了其作为基于分子发射TX的MC的一种有前景替代方案。
英文摘要：
In conventional molecular communication (MC) systems, the signaling molecules used for information transmission are stored, released, and then replenished by a transmitter (TX). However, the replenishment of signaling molecules at the TX is challenging in practice. Furthermore, in most envisioned MC applications, e.g., in the medical field, it is not desirable to insert the TX into the MC system, as this might impair natural biological processes. In this paper, we propose the concept of media modulation based MC where the TX is placed outside the channel and utilizes signaling molecules already present inside the system. The signaling molecules can assume different states which can be switched by external stimuli. Hence, in media modulation based MC, the TX modulates information into the state of the signaling molecules. In particular, we exploit the group of photochromic molecules, which undergo light-induced reversible state transitions, for media modulation. We study the usage of these molecules for information transmission in a three-dimensional duct system, which contains an eraser, a TX, and a receiver for erasing, writing, and reading of information via external light, respectively. We develop a statistical model for the received signal which accounts for the distribution of the signaling molecules in the system, the initial states of the signaling molecules, the reliability of the state control mechanism, the randomness of irrepressible, spontaneous state switching, and the randomness of molecule propagation. We adopt a maximum likelihood detector and a threshold based detector. Furthermore, we derive analytical expressions for the optimal threshold value and the resulting bit error rate (BER), respectively. Our results reveal that media modulation enables reliable information transmission, validating it as a promising alternative to MC based on molecule emitting TXs.
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