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arXiv 2202.13441cs.LG
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可分离数据及以上梯度法的稳定性与隐式偏差

Stability vs Implicit Bias of Gradient Methods on Separable Data and Beyond

Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学);Google Research(谷歌研究院)

Matan Schliserman, Tomer Koren

摘要:

最近一系列有影响力的工作集中在非正则化的基于梯度的学习过程应用于可分离线性分类与指数尾损失函数的泛化性能。这种方法的推广能力以及已被归因于他们的隐式偏大利润预测,无论是渐近以及在有限的时间。我们给出了一个额外的统一的解释,这种推广,并将其与两个简单的属性的优化目标,我们称之为可实现性和自有界性。我们介绍了一个一般的设置无约束随机凸优化与这些属性,并分析广义梯度方法通过镜头的算法稳定性。在这个更广泛的背景下,我们获得了梯度下降和随机梯度下降的精确稳定性界限,甚至适用于非常大量的梯度步骤,并使用它们来推导这些算法的一般推广界限。最后,作为一般界的直接应用,我们回到设置的线性分类与可分离的数据,并建立了几个新的测试损失和测试精度界梯度下降和随机梯度下降的各种损失函数具有不同的尾部衰减率。在某些情况下,我们的界限显着改善现有的泛化误差的界限在文献中。

英文摘要:

An influential line of recent work has focused on the generalization properties of unregularized gradient-based learning procedures applied to separable linear classification with exponentially-tailed loss functions. The ability of such methods to generalize well has been attributed to the their implicit bias towards large margin predictors, both asymptotically as well as in finite time. We give an additional unified explanation for this generalization and relate it to two simple properties of the optimization objective, that we refer to as realizability and self-boundedness. We introduce a general setting of unconstrained stochastic convex optimization with these properties, and analyze generalization of gradient methods through the lens of algorithmic stability. In this broader setting, we obtain sharp stability bounds for gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent which apply even for a very large number of gradient steps, and use them to derive general generalization bounds for these algorithms. Finally, as direct applications of the general bounds, we return to the setting of linear classification with separable data and establish several novel test loss and test accuracy bounds for gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent for a variety of loss functions with different tail decay rates. In some of these cases, our bounds significantly improve upon the existing generalization error bounds in the literature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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