ALP诱导的星系团光子偏振效应
ALP induced polarization effects on photons from galaxy clusters
AI总结：
本文研究了光子-ALP相互作用在Perseus和Coma星系团中诱导的X射线与高能波段光子偏振效应，发现其显著偏离常规物理，并指出可通过COSI、IXPE等现有及拟议任务探测。
摘要：
粒子物理标准模型的许多扩展，特别是超弦和超膜理论，预言了类轴子粒子（ALPs）的存在。ALPs非常难以捉摸，极其轻，且主要与光子发生相互作用。在外部磁场存在时，会出现两种效应：(i) 光子-ALP振荡和 (ii) 光子偏振态的改变。天体物理环境代表了获取ALP存在间接证据的最佳机会，这得益于光子-ALP相互作用在天空中产生的各种效应。迄今为止，人们对光子-ALP振荡给予了极大关注，因为它们改变了极高能量下穿越介质的透明度，从而使得遥远源的最终光谱表现出流量过剩和特征振荡行为。目前已经发现了两个关于ALP存在的线索。但光子偏振的改变引起的关注度较小。在本文中，我们在X射线和高能（HE）波段探讨了这一问题。具体而言，我们分析了在Perseus和Coma两个星系团中心区域产生的光子，因光子-ALP相互作用而诱导的光子线偏振度和偏振角。我们发现，在所考虑的两个波段中，均出现了与常规物理的显著偏离。我们得出结论，ALP诱导的偏振效应在HE范围内更有可能通过已批准发射的COSI、拟议的e-ASTROGAM和AMEGO等任务探测到。尽管如此，X射线波段中可能的ALP诱导光子偏振效应也可由已在运行的IXPE以及拟议的eXTP、XL-Calibur、NGXP和XPP探测到。
英文摘要：
Many extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics and in particular superstring and superbrane theories predict the existence of axion-like particles (ALPs). ALPs are very elusive, extremely light and interact primarily with photons. In the presence of an external magnetic field two effects show up: (i) photon-ALP oscillations and (ii) a change of the photon polarization state. The astrophysical context represents the best opportunity to get indirect evidence for the ALP existence thanks to various effects that the photon-ALP interaction produces in the sky. Great attention has been paid so far to photon-ALP oscillations, since they modify the transparency of the crossed media at very high energies and so the final spectra of faraway sources exhibit a flux excess and a characteristic oscillatory behavior. Two hints at the ALP existence have hitherto been discovered. But less interest has been attracted by the modification of the photon polarization. In this paper we address it in the X-ray and in the high energy (HE) bands. Specifically, we analyze the photon degree of linear polarization and the polarization angle induced by the photon-ALP interaction for photons generated in the central region of two galaxy clusters: Perseus and Coma. We find a substantial departure from conventional physics in both considered bands. We conclude that the ALP-induced polarization effects are more likely detectable with the proposed missions like COSI (approved to launch), e-ASTROGAM and AMEGO in the HE range. Still, possible ALP-induced effects on photon polarization could also be detected by IXPE (already operative) and by the proposed eXTP, XL-Calibur, NGXP and XPP in the X-ray band.
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