从本地原料中获得纳米碳及其织构和吸附性能研究
Obtaining Nanocarbon from Local Raw Materials and Studying Its Textural and Sorption Properties
摘要：
以核桃壳、杏仁、甲烷、天然气和丙烷-丁烷馏分为原料，研究了各种因素对纳米炭合成的影响，并对所得纳米炭的结构和吸附性能进行了考察。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了（CuO）x*（CoO）y*（NiO）z*（Fe_2O_3）k*（MoO_3）m/HSZ催化剂，考察了不同反应条件下该催化剂的催化活性。样品的形态组成通过扫描电子显微镜在装备有能量色散X射线微量分析的一部分的LEO EVO 50 HVP仪器上进行。在20 kV下，在10 mm的工作距离处记录能量色散X射线光谱。利用发光电子显微镜在Jem-2000 CX装置上对样品的微观结构进行了研究。使用BET方法，测量碳纳米管的比表面积。计算了材料孔隙率的统计和形态特征。比表面积为168.7m2/g，比孔容为0.456cm3/g，平均孔径为2.58nm。在核桃壳的情况下，在1376 cm-1和1064 cm-1处观察到该吸收带。当在惰性氮气气氛中在各种温度下在红外光谱中检查基于杏仁的样品时，可以看出纤维素和木质素的特征在于强吸收带，并且处理随着温度的升高而降低。
英文摘要：
In this article studied the influence of various factors on the synthesis of nano carbons from walnut shells, apricot kernels, methane, natural gas and propane-butane fractions, and also checked the textural and sorption characteristics of the obtained nanocarbon. The catalytic activity of a catalyst containing (CuO)x*(CoO)y*(NiO)z*(Fe2O3)k*(MoO3)m/HSZ prepared based on "sol-gel" technology for the implementation of processes was studied under differential reactor conditions. The morphological composition of the samples was performed by scanning electron microscopy on an LEO EVO 50 HVP instrument equipped with a part of energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectra were recorded at a working distance of 10 mm at 20 kV. The microstructure of the samples was investigated by the method of a glowing electron microscope on a Jem-2000 CX device. Using the BET method, the specific surface area of the carbon nanotubes was measured. Statistical and morphological characteristics of material porosity were calculated. The specific surface area is 168.7 m2/g, the specific pore volume is 0.456 cm3/g, and the average hole diameter is 2.58 nm. In the case of walnut shells, this absorption band was observed at 1376 cm-1 and 1064 cm-1. When examining samples based on apricot kernels in the infrared spectrum at various temperatures in an inert nitrogen atmosphere, it can be seen that cellulose and lignin are characterized by a strong absorption band, and the treatment decreases with increasing temperature.
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