使航空排放估算民主化：开发一种开源的、数据驱动的方法
Democratizing Aviation Emissions Estimation: Development of an Open-Source, Data-Driven Methodology
摘要：
通过一个公众可访问和全面的航空排放估算工具，研究人员，规划人员和社区倡导者可以帮助塑造一个更可持续和公平的美国航空运输系统。为此，我们开发了一种开源的、数据驱动的方法来计算美国国内民用航空业的全系统排放量。这一过程利用并整合了交通统计局（BTS）、联邦航空局（FAA）、欧洲航空安全局（EUROCONTROL）和国际民用航空组织（ICAO）提供的六个不同的公共数据集。在个人飞行水平，我们的方法检查特定的飞机类型，装备的发动机，并在飞行阶段的时间，以产生比竞争方法更细粒度的估计。通过我们的方法，我们计算了整个系统的排放量，考虑了着陆，起飞（LTO）和爬升，巡航和下降（CCD）飞行周期期间的四种不同的温室气体（CO2，NOx，CO，HC）。我们的研究结果阐明，在一个特定的路线上的排放可能会有很大的不同，由于飞机和发动机的选择，排放率显着不同的航空公司。我们还发现，CO2单独是不足够的代理排放量，氮氧化物，当转换为CO2当量，超过CO2在LTO和CCD。
英文摘要：
Through an aviation emissions estimation tool that is both publicly-accessible and comprehensive, researchers, planners, and community advocates can help shape a more sustainable and equitable U.S. air transportation system. To this end, we develop an open-source, data-driven methodology to calculate the system-wide emissions of the U.S. domestic civil aviation industry. This process utilizes and integrates six different public datasets provided by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA), EUROCONTROL, and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). At the individual flight level, our approach examines the specific aircraft type, equipped engine, and time in stage of flight to produce a more granular estimate than competing approaches. Enabled by our methodology, we then calculate system-wide emissions, considering four different greenhouse gases (CO2, NOx, CO, HC) during the Landing, Take-off (LTO) and Climb, Cruise, and Descent (CCD) flight cycles. Our results elucidate that emissions on a particular route can vary significantly due to aircraft and engine choice, and that emission rates differ significantly from airline to airline. We also find that CO2 alone is not a sufficient proxy for emissions, as NOx, when converted to its CO2-equivalency, exceeds CO2 during both LTO and CCD.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
