超高泊松比玻璃
Ultrahigh Poisson's ratio glasses
AI总结：
本研究通过计算机模拟单一可调参数的玻璃形成模型，阐明了高泊松比金属玻璃的微观力学起源，成功生成了超过已知最不可压缩实验室金属玻璃的超高泊松比玻璃，并揭示了反阻塞转变与玻璃弹性及准局域化激发的关联。
摘要：
金属玻璃在外部载荷下的破坏方式已知与其泊松比$ν$密切相关：低$ν$（可压缩）玻璃通常表现为脆性破坏模式，塑性变形稀少；而高$ν$（不可压缩）玻璃通常以延性方式破坏，伴随高度塑性变形和广泛的类液流动。由于金属玻璃的技术效用取决于其延展性，材料科学家一直致力于制造高$ν$玻璃态合金。为阐明高$ν$金属玻璃潜在的微观力学起源，我们采用计算机模拟了一个简单的玻璃形成模型，该模型具有单一可调参数控制粒子间势的刚度。我们表明，所提出的模型产生了超高$ν$玻璃，达到$ν=0.45$，从而超过了最不可压缩的实验室金属玻璃。我们讨论了所谓的反阻塞转变在控制超高$ν$玻璃弹性中的可能作用。为此，我们表明我们的较高$ν$计算机玻璃包含相对较软的准局域化玻璃态激发，并建立了其相关特征频率、宏观弹性和力学无序性之间的关系。
英文摘要：
The manner in which metallic glasses fail under external loading is known to correlate well with those glasses' Poisson's ratio $ν$: low-$ν$ (compressible) glasses typically feature brittle failure patterns with scarce plastic deformation, while high-$ν$ (incompressible) glasses typically fail in a ductile manner, accompanied by a high degree of plastic deformation and extensive liquid-like flow. Since the technological utility of metallic glasses depends on their ductility, materials scientists have been concerned with fabricating high-$ν$ glassy alloys. To shed light on the underlying micromechanical origin of high-$ν$ metallic glasses, we employ computer simulations of a simple glass-forming model with a single tunable parameter that controls the interparticle-potential's stiffness. We show that the presented model gives rise to ultra high-$ν$ glasses, reaching $ν\!=\!0.45$ and thus exceeding the most incompressible laboratory metallic glass. We discuss the possible role of the so-called unjamming transition in controlling the elasticity of ultra high-$ν$ glasses. To this aim, we show that our higher-$ν$ computer glasses host relatively softer quasilocalized glassy excitations, and establish relations between their associated characteristic frequency, macroscopic elasticity, and mechanical disorder.
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