区块链和人工智能技术在智能电网中的应用：综述
Applications of blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies for enabling prosumers in smart grids: A review
摘要：
各国政府的净零排放目标旨在增加可再生能源的份额，并影响消费者的行为，以支持能源供需的成本效益平衡。这些将通过智能电网的先进信息和控制基础设施来实现，这些基础设施允许各种利益相关者之间的互操作性。在这种情况下，越来越多的消费者生产、储存和消费能源，使他们成为产消者的新角色。产消者的一体化以及所产生的能源和信息的双向流动依赖于两个关键因素：能源市场的灵活结构和电力系统的智能运营。区块链和人工智能（AI）是满足这两个因素的创新技术，通过区块链为能源市场提供分散的交易平台，人工智能支持电力系统的最佳运行控制。本文试图解决如何将区块链和人工智能纳入智能电网，以促进生产消费者参与能源市场。为了实现这一目标，本文首先回顾了政策设计如何定价化石燃料发电所造成的碳排放，以促进产消者与可再生能源的整合。其次，讨论了在区块链技术支持下的能源市场的潜在结构。最后，介绍了如何应用人工智能技术来加强电力系统运行过程中的状态监测和决策。
英文摘要：
Governments' net zero emission target aims at increasing the share of renewable energy sources as well as influencing the behaviours of consumers to support the cost-effective balancing of energy supply and demand. These will be achieved by the advanced information and control infrastructures of smart grids which allow the interoperability among various stakeholders. Under this circumstance, increasing number of consumers produce, store, and consume energy, giving them a new role of prosumers. The integration of prosumers and accommodation of incurred bidirectional flows of energy and information rely on two key factors: flexible structures of energy markets and intelligent operations of power systems. The blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) are innovative technologies to fulfil these two factors, by which the blockchain provides decentralised trading platforms for energy markets and the AI supports the optimal operational control of power systems. This paper attempts to address how to incorporate the blockchain and AI in the smart grids for facilitating prosumers to participate in energy markets. To achieve this objective, first, this paper reviews how policy designs price carbon emissions caused by the fossil-fuel based generation so as to facilitate the integration of prosumers with renewable energy sources. Second, the potential structures of energy markets with the support of the blockchain technologies are discussed. Last, how to apply the AI for enhancing the state monitoring and decision making during the operations of power systems is introduced.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
