基于模型的准直束超声系统重建
Model-Based Reconstruction for Collimated Beam Ultrasound Systems
摘要：
准直束超声系统是一种用于在地热井等多层结构内部成像的新技术。这样的系统包括发射器和多个接收器以捕获反射信号。用于超声重建的常见算法使用延迟求和（DAS）方法;这些方法具有低计算复杂度，但是在存在复杂结构和专用几何形状（诸如准直波束）的情况下产生不准确的图像。在本文中，我们提出了一种多层，超声波，基于模型的迭代重建算法设计的准直光束系统。我们引入了一个基于物理的前向模型，以准确地解释准直超声波束在多层介质中的传播，并描述了一个有效的实现，使用二进制搜索。我们对直接到达信号、检测器噪声和空间变化图像先验进行建模，然后将重建视为最大后验估计问题。使用模拟和实验数据，我们获得了显着较少的工件相对于DAS，同时运行在近实时使用商品计算资源。
英文摘要：
Collimated beam ultrasound systems are a novel technology for imaging inside multi-layered structures such as geothermal wells. Such systems include a transmitter and multiple receivers to capture reflected signals. Common algorithms for ultrasound reconstruction use delay-and-sum (DAS) approaches; these have low computational complexity but produce inaccurate images in the presence of complex structures and specialized geometries such as collimated beams. In this paper, we propose a multi-layer, ultrasonic, model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm designed for collimated beam systems. We introduce a physics-based forward model to accurately account for the propagation of a collimated ultrasonic beam in multi-layer media and describe an efficient implementation using binary search. We model direct arrival signals, detector noise, and a spatially varying image prior, then cast the reconstruction as a maximum a posteriori estimation problem. Using simulated and experimental data we obtain significantly fewer artifacts relative to DAS while running in near real time using commodity compute resources.
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