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arXiv 2202.09690cond-mat.mes-hall
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太赫兹QCL增益的基本限制

Fundamental Limitations on Gain of THz QCL

L. D. Shvartsman, B. Laikhtman

摘要:

我们分析了量子级联激光器中的主要物理过程,光子辐射和LO声子发射区域之间的空间分离提供了光学跃迁的低能级的去布居。我们的目的是寻找在低光子能量下粒子数反转减少的原因,并寻找增加粒子数反转的途径。从简化的密度矩阵方程出发,得到了粒子数反转的表达式。一方面,这使我们能够考虑不同能级之间隧穿的相干性,另一方面,以简单的方式理解它在跃迁概率中的作用。结果表明,通过优化两个区域之间的隧穿矩阵元和LO声子发射时间,可以显著提高THz激光器中的粒子数反转。矩阵元素的最佳值小于其最大可能值。同样,最佳LO声子发射时间大于在LO声子共振发射时达到的时间。

英文摘要:

We analyze the main physical processes in quantum cascade lasers with spatial separation between the region of photon radiation and LO phonon emission providing depopulation of the lower level of the optical transition. Our purpose is to find reasons of reduction of the population inversion at low photon energy and search for ways of its increase. The expression for the population inversion is obtained from equation for simplified density matrix. This allows us, on one hand, to take into account coherence of tunneling between different levels and, on the other hand, to understand its role in transition probabilities in a simple way. We come to the conclusion that population inversion in THz lasers can be significantly increased by optimization of tunneling matrix element between the two regions and LO phonon emission time. The optimal value of the matrix element is smaller than its maximal possible value. As well, the optimal LO phonon emission time is larger than the time reached at LO phonon resonant emission.

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