通过TiO $_2$ / PDMS涂层实现被动式日间辐射冷却
Achieving passive daytime radiative cooling via TiO$_2$/PDMS coating
摘要：
人口的指数增长和全球气温的上升导致了对冷却和制冷的爆炸性需求。这些冷却装置产生碳足迹的恶性循环可以通过被动冷却机制来打破。这项研究概述了旨在设计这种材料的研究-在太阳光谱中表现出高反射率，并在8-13 $μ$ m的大气透明度窗口中表现出高发射。蒙特卡罗（MC）方法被用来模拟光在复合材料中的传播，帮助设计具有这些特定热光特性的超材料。制备了TiO $_2$ /PDMS涂层，在大气透明窗内获得> 91%的太阳反射率和> 75%的发射率。这转化为在印度孟买的峰值太阳辐射下将涂覆的主体冷却到低于环境温度4-9 $^\circ$ C。简单的制造工艺加上这种涂层的潜在多功能性，有望在商业规模上实现被动式日间辐射冷却。
英文摘要：
The exponential growth in population and the increasing global temperature trickles down to an explosive demand in cooling and refrigeration. The vicious cycle of carbon footprint generation by these cooling devices can be broken by a mechanism of passive cooling. This study outlines research undertaken with the aim to design such materials - exhibiting high reflectance in the solar spectrum and high emission in the atmospheric transparency window of 8-13 $μ$m. The Monte Carlo (MC) method is used to simulate light propagation in a composite material aiding the design of metamaterials with these specific thermo-optical properties. A TiO$_2$/PDMS coating is fabricated to obtain > 91 \% solar reflectivity and > 75 \% emissivity in the atmospheric transparency window. This translates to cooling the coated body by 4-9 $^\circ$C below the ambient under peak solar irradiation in Mumbai, India. The facile fabrication process supplemented with the potential versatility of this coating shows promise to attain passive daytime radiative cooling on a commercial scale.
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