源于沿海渔业捕捞的具有非线性边界条件的 Logistic 椭圆方程
Logistic elliptic equation with a nonlinear boundary condition arising from coastal fishery harvesting
AI总结:
本文研究由沿海渔业捕捞产生的带非线性边界条件的 Logistic 椭圆方程,依据 Dirichlet 最小特征值 $λ_Ω$ 与 1 的关系,完整刻画了正解随参数 $λ$ 的存在性与多重性。
摘要:
设 $0<q<1<p$。在本研究中,我们考察 Logistic 椭圆方程 $-Δu=u(1-u^{p-1})$ 的正解,其中方程定义在 $\mathbb{R}^N$($N\geq1$)的光滑有界区域 $Ω$ 上,并在 $\partialΩ$ 上满足非线性边界条件 $\frac{\partial u}{\partial ν}=-λu^q$。这一非线性边界条件源于沿海渔业捕捞。当 $p>1$ 处于次临界范围时,我们证明:在 $λ_Ω>1$ 的情形下,当 $λ>0$ 足够小时至少存在两个正解,而当 $λ>0$ 足够大时不存在正解。在 $λ_Ω<1$ 的情形下,对每个 $λ>0$ 都至少存在一个正解。这里,$λ_Ω>0$ 是 Dirichlet 边界条件下 $-Δ$ 的最小特征值。文中还从生态学角度对主要结果进行了解释。
英文摘要:
Let $0<q<1<p$. In this study, we investigate positive solutions of the logistic elliptic equation $-Δu = u(1-u^{p-1})$ in a smooth bounded domain $Ω$ of $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N\geq1$, with the nonlinear boundary condition $\frac{\partial u}{\partial ν}=-λu^q$ on $\partialΩ$. This nonlinear boundary condition arises from coastal fishery harvesting. When $p>1$ is subcritical, we prove that in the case of $λ_Ω>1$, there exist at least two positive solutions for $λ>0$ sufficiently small but no positive solutions for $λ>0$ large enough. In the case of $λ_Ω<1$, there exists at least one positive solution for every $λ>0$. Here, $λ_Ω>0$ is the smallest eigenvalue of $-Δ$ under the Dirichlet boundary condition. An interpretation of our main results from an ecological viewpoint is presented.
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