arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2202.09389cs.LGcs.AI
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图神经网络的黑箱节点注入攻击

Black-box Node Injection Attack for Graph Neural Networks

University of Notre Dame(圣母大学);Case Western Reserve University(凯斯西储大学);Emory University(埃默里大学)

Mingxuan Ju, Yujie Fan, Yanfang Ye, Liang Zhao

摘要:

图神经网络(GNNs)近年来受到了广泛的关注,并被广泛应用于产品推荐、流量预测等对安全性要求较高的重要领域。在这种情况下,利用GNN的漏洞并进一步降低其分类性能对攻击者来说具有很大的激励作用。以前的攻击者主要集中在现有图的结构扰动。虽然它们提供了有希望的结果,但实际的实现需要操纵图连接的能力,这在某些情况下是不切实际的。在这项工作中,我们研究了注入节点以逃避受害者GNN模型的可能性,与以前的白盒设置相关工作不同,我们显着限制可访问的知识量并探索黑盒设置。具体来说,我们模型的节点注入攻击作为一个马尔可夫决策过程,并提出GA2C,一个图强化学习框架的优势演员评论家的时尚,以产生现实的功能注入节点和无缝地合并到原始图遵循相同的拓扑特征。通过我们在多个公认的基准数据集上的广泛实验,我们证明了我们提出的GA2C比现有的最先进的方法具有更好的性能。数据和源代码可在https://github.com/jumxglhf/GA2C上公开访问。

英文摘要:

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have drawn significant attentions over the years and been broadly applied to vital fields that require high security standard such as product recommendation and traffic forecasting. Under such scenarios, exploiting GNN's vulnerabilities and further downgrade its classification performance become highly incentive for adversaries. Previous attackers mainly focus on structural perturbations of existing graphs. Although they deliver promising results, the actual implementation needs capability of manipulating the graph connectivity, which is impractical in some circumstances. In this work, we study the possibility of injecting nodes to evade the victim GNN model, and unlike previous related works with white-box setting, we significantly restrict the amount of accessible knowledge and explore the black-box setting. Specifically, we model the node injection attack as a Markov decision process and propose GA2C, a graph reinforcement learning framework in the fashion of advantage actor critic, to generate realistic features for injected nodes and seamlessly merge them into the original graph following the same topology characteristics. Through our extensive experiments on multiple acknowledged benchmark datasets, we demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed GA2C over existing state-of-the-art methods. The data and source code are publicly accessible at: https://github.com/jumxglhf/GA2C.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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