明亮宇宙中光滑距离和视星等的出现
Emergence of smooth distance and apparent magnitude in a lumpy Universe
摘要：
对观测结果的标准解释，例如从明亮宇宙中的一个位置观测到的Ia型超新星的峰值视星等，是基于理想化的弗里德曼-勒梅特-罗伯逊-沃克时空。由于不均匀性对该模型的所有可能的修正通常被忽略。本文利用最近在非均匀宇宙中对面积距离的简明推导结果，研究了Ia型超新星视星等的Hubble残差和Hubble残差。我们发现，在低的红移，背景FLRW时空模型的视星等收到的修正，由于相对速度扰动观测到的红移。我们展示了这种速度扰动如何有助于哈勃残差的方差，以及它如何影响哈勃流中Ia型超新星绝对星等的校准。我们还指出，它可以解决由重子声学振荡和局域测量确定哈勃率的矛盾。
英文摘要：
The standard interpretation of observations such as the peak apparent magnitude of Type Ia supernova made from one location in a lumpy Universe is based on the idealised Friedmann-Lemaître Robertson-Walker spacetime. All possible corrections to this model due to inhomogeneities are usually neglected. Here, we use the result from the recent concise derivation of the area distance in an inhomogeneous universe to study the monopole and Hubble residual of the apparent magnitude of Type Ia supernovae. We find that at low redshifts, the background FLRW spacetime model of the apparent magnitude receives corrections due to relative velocity perturbation in the observed redshift. We show how this velocity perturbation could contribute to a variance in the Hubble residual and how it could impact the calibration of the absolute magnitude of the Type Ia supernova in the Hubble flow. We also show that it could resolve the tension in the determination of the Hubble rate from the baryon acoustic oscillation and local measurements.
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