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arXiv 2202.04150eess.AScs.SDeess.SP
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用于语音信号分析的时变谐波模型

Time-varying harmonic models for voice signal analysis

Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center(路易斯安那州立大学健康科学中心);Louisiana State University(路易斯安那州立大学)

Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. McWhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk

摘要:

长期以来,语音信号的评估一直是在假设周期性的情况下进行的,因为这有助于分析。由于正常语音信号的周期性,使得短时谐波建模成为提取语音特征参数的一个很好的选择。然而,对于发音困难的声音,固定的谐波结构可能会受到太多的限制,因为它严格地强制模型中的周期性。信号中振幅或频率的轻微变化可能导致模型错误地表示观察到的信号。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了一种时变谐波模型,它允许其基频和谐波幅度是时间的多项式函数。该模型模拟了频率和振幅的缓慢偏离,从快速不规则的声带振动行为,如分谐波和复音。随时间变化的模型示出跟踪的频率和振幅调制存在于语音与严重震颤。这降低了基于模型的谐波噪声比测量对减慢频率和振幅变化的灵敏度,同时保持其对湍流噪声增加或存在不规则振动的灵敏度。该模型的其他用途包括声道滤波器估计以及频率和强度变化率。这些用例与建模精度一起通过实验进行了证明。

英文摘要:

Assessment of voice signals has long been performed with the assumption of periodicity as this facilitates analysis. Near periodicity of normal voice signals makes short-time harmonic modeling an appealing choice to extract vocal feature parameters. For dysphonic voice, however, a fixed harmonic structure could be too constrained as it strictly enforces periodicity in the model. Slight variation in amplitude or frequency in the signal may cause the model to misrepresent the observed signal. To address these issues, this paper presents a time-varying harmonic model, which allows its fundamental frequency and harmonic amplitudes to be polynomial functions of time. The model decouples the slow deviations of frequency and amplitude from fast irregular vocal fold vibratory behaviors such as subharmonics and diplophonia. The time-varying model is shown to track the frequency and amplitude modulations present in voice with severe tremor. This reduces the sensitivity of the model-based harmonics-to-noise ratio measures to slow frequency and amplitude variations while maintaining its sensitivity to increase in turbulent noise or the presence of irregular vibration. Other uses of the model include the vocal tract filter estimation and the rates of frequency and intensity changes. These use cases are experimentally demonstrated along with the modeling accuracy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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