SIBELIUS-DARK：来自约束实现模拟的局部体积的星系目录
SIBELIUS-DARK: a galaxy catalogue of the Local Volume from a constrained realisation simulation
摘要：
我们提出了SIBELIUS-DARK，一个距离银河系200 Mpc的局部体积的约束实现模拟。SIBELIUS-DARK是\textit{Simulations Beyond The Local Universe}（SIBELIUS）项目的第一项研究，该项目的目标是在正确的宇宙环境中嵌入一个类似局部群的系统模型。模拟是暗物质，与星系人口计算使用半解析模型的星系形成，GALFORM。我们证明，从SIBELIUS约束初始条件中出现的大尺度结构与观测数据非常匹配。推断出的西伯利亚-黑暗的星系人口也很好地匹配观测数据，无论是统计上的整个体积和对象的基础上，最大的质量集群。例如，$K$ -波段数在整个天空中计数，当在银河系南北半球之间划分时，很好地再现了SIBELIUS-DARK。我们发现，当地的体积是有点不寻常的$Λ$ CDM的更广泛的背景下：它包含了一个异常高的超大质量的集群，以及整体的大规模欠密度在$\approx 5$ \%的水平相对于宇宙的平均值。然而，虽然罕见，这些特点的程度并没有显着挑战$Λ$ CDM模型。SIBELIUS-DARK是迄今为止对局部体积最全面的约束实现模拟，通过本文，我们在$z=0$上公开发布了晕和星系目录，我们希望这对更广泛的天文学界有用。
英文摘要：
We present SIBELIUS-DARK, a constrained realisation simulation of the local volume to a distance of 200~Mpc from the Milky Way. SIBELIUS-DARK is the first study of the \textit{Simulations Beyond The Local Universe} (SIBELIUS) project, which has the goal of embedding a model Local Group-like system within the correct cosmic environment. The simulation is dark-matter-only, with the galaxy population calculated using the semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, GALFORM. We demonstrate that the large-scale structure that emerges from the SIBELIUS constrained initial conditions matches well the observational data. The inferred galaxy population of SIBELIUS-DARK also match well the observational data, both statistically for the whole volume and on an object-by-object basis for the most massive clusters. For example, the $K$-band number counts across the whole sky, and when divided between the northern and southern Galactic hemispheres, are well reproduced by SIBELIUS-DARK. We find that the local volume is somewhat unusual in the wider context of $Λ$CDM: it contains an abnormally high number of supermassive clusters, as well as an overall large-scale underdensity at the level of $\approx 5$\% relative to the cosmic mean. However, whilst rare, the extent of these peculiarities does not significantly challenge the $Λ$CDM model. SIBELIUS-DARK is the most comprehensive constrained realisation simulation of the local volume to date, and with this paper we publicly release the halo and galaxy catalogues at $z=0$, which we hope will be useful to the wider astronomy community.
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