Online federated learning (OFL) and online transfer learning (OTL) are two collaborative paradigms for overcoming modern machine learning challenges such as data silos, streaming data, and data security. This survey explored OFL and OTL throughout their major evolutionary routes to enhance understanding of online federated and transfer learning. Besides, practical aspects of popular datasets and cutting-edge applications for online federated and transfer learning are highlighted in this work. Furthermore, this survey provides insight into potential future research areas and aims to serve as a resource for professionals developing online federated and transfer learning frameworks.
Federated learning has been extensively studied and is the prevalent method for privacy-preserving distributed learning in edge devices. Correspondingly, continual learning is an emerging field targeted towards learning multiple tasks sequentially. However, there is little attention towards additional challenges emerging when federated aggregation is performed in a continual learning system. We identify \textit{client drift} as one of the key weaknesses that arise when vanilla federated averaging is applied in such a system, especially since each client can independently have different order o…
FedPEAT: Convergence of Federated Learning, Parameter-Efficient Fine Tuning, and Emulator Assisted Tuning for Artificial Intelligence Foundation Models with Mobile Edge Computing
FedNoRo: Towards Noise-Robust Federated Learning by Addressing Class Imbalance and Label Noise Heterogeneity
Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学）；Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院计算技术研究所）；Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
Addressing Skewed Heterogeneity via Federated Prototype Rectification with Personalization
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University（东南大学计算机科学与工程学院）；Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, China（教育部新一代人工智能技术及其交叉应用重点实验室（东南大学））
Federated learning (FL) has gain growing interests for its capability of learning from distributed data sources collectively without the need of accessing the raw data samples across different sources. So far FL research has mostly focused on improving the performance, how the algorithmic disparity will be impacted for the model learned from FL and the impact of algorithmic disparity on the utility inconsistency are largely unexplored. In this paper, we propose an FL framework to jointly consider performance consistency and algorithmic fairness across different local clients (data sources). We…
Peking University（北京大学）；Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University（北京大学机器感知重点实验室（教育部））；National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University（北京大学健康数据科学研究院）；Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University（北京大学医学部医学技术研究院）
Since data is presented long-tailed in reality, it is challenging for Federated Learning (FL) to train across decentralized clients as practical applications. We present Global-Regularized Personalization (GRP-FED) to tackle the data imbalanced issue by considering a single global model and multiple local models for each client. With adaptive aggregation, the global model treats multiple clients fairly and mitigates the global long-tailed issue. Each local model is learned from the local data and aligns with its distribution for customization. To prevent the local model from just overfitting, …
Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室）；Duke University（杜克大学）
Federated learning (FL) allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a deep learning model. One major challenge of FL is when data distribution is heterogeneous, i.e., differs from one client to another. Existing personalized FL algorithms are only applicable to narrow cases, e.g., one or two data classes per client, and therefore they do not satisfactorily address FL under varying levels of data heterogeneity. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, called DisTrans, to improve FL performance (i.e., model accuracy) via train and test-time distributional transformations along with a do…
BRFL: A Blockchain-based Byzantine-Robust Federated Learning Model
Key Laboratory of Beijing Network Technology, Beihang University（北京网络技术重点实验室，北京航空航天大学）；Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Multi-Source Information Integration and Intelligent Processing, Guangxi Normal University（广西多源信息整合与智能处理协同创新中心，广西师范大学）；School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry（轻工业学院计算机科学与技术学院）；School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University（网络安全科学与技术学院，北京航空航天大学）；Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer Software Evaluating and Testing（上海计算机软件评测测试重点实验室）
In this paper we envision a federated learning (FL) scenario in service of amending the performance of autonomous road vehicles, through a drone traffic monitor (DTM), that also acts as an orchestrator. Expecting non-IID data distribution, we focus on the issue of accelerating the learning of a particular class of critical object (CO), that may harm the nominal operation of an autonomous vehicle. This can be done through proper allocation of the wireless resources for addressing learner and data heterogeneity. Thus, we propose a reactive method for the allocation of wireless resources, that ha…
Federated Learning (FL) is a setting where multiple parties with distributed data collaborate in training a joint Machine Learning (ML) model while keeping all data local at the parties. Federated clustering is an area of research within FL that is concerned with grouping together data that is globally similar while keeping all data local. We describe how this area of research can be of interest in itself, or how it helps addressing issues like non-independently-identically-distributed (i.i.d.) data in supervised FL frameworks. The focus of this work, however, is an extension of the federated …
Federated learning (FL) is a promising approach for training decentralized data located on local client devices while improving efficiency and privacy. However, the distribution and quantity of the training data on the clients' side may lead to significant challenges such as class imbalance and non-IID (non-independent and identically distributed) data, which could greatly impact the performance of the common model. While much effort has been devoted to helping FL models converge when encountering non-IID data, the imbalance issue has not been sufficiently addressed. In particular, as FL train…
In the federated learning setting, multiple clients jointly train a model under the coordination of the central server, while the training data is kept on the client to ensure privacy. Normally, inconsistent distribution of data across different devices in a federated network and limited communication bandwidth between end devices impose both statistical heterogeneity and expensive communication as major challenges for federated learning. This paper proposes an algorithm to achieve more fairness and accuracy in federated learning (FedFa). It introduces an optimization scheme that employs a dou…
Peking University（北京大学）；Renmin University of China（中国人民大学）；Shanghai AI Lab（上海人工智能实验室）；Tencent Inc.（腾讯公司）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）
Federated Learning has become a widely-used framework which allows learning a global model on decentralized local datasets under the condition of protecting local data privacy. However, federated learning faces severe optimization difficulty when training samples are not independently and identically distributed (non-i.i.d.). In this paper, we point out that the client sampling practice plays a decisive role in the aforementioned optimization difficulty. We find that the negative client sampling will cause the merged data distribution of currently sampled clients heavily inconsistent with that…
FedSiKD: Clients Similarity and Knowledge Distillation: Addressing Non-i.i.d. and Constraints in Federated Learning
King Abdulaziz University（阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学）；Lun Startup Studio（伦创业工作室）；Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology（迪鲁拜·安巴尼信息与通信技术学院）；Southern Illinois University at Carbondale（南伊利诺伊大学卡本代尔分校）；Riphah International University Islamabad（里法国际大学伊斯兰堡分校）
FedCC: Towards Addressing Label Distribution Skews in Distillation-Based Federated Learning
Huawei Heisenberg Research Center, Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH（华为海森堡研究中心（华为技术有限公司杜塞尔多夫分部））；TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学计算、信息与技术学院）
Microsoft Research（微软研究院）；University of Southern California（南加州大学）
We study a new form of federated learning where the clients train personalized local models and make predictions jointly with the server-side shared model. Using this new federated learning framework, the complexity of the central shared model can be minimized while still gaining all the performance benefits that joint training provides. Our framework is robust to data heterogeneity, addressing the slow convergence problem traditional federated learning methods face when the data is non-i.i.d. across clients. We test the theory empirically and find substantial performance gains over baselines.
Addressing Data Quality Decompensation in Federated Learning via Dynamic Client Selection
Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Spain（计算机科学与人工智能系，数据科学与计算智能安达卢西亚研究机构（DaSCI），格拉纳达大学，西班牙）；Department of Software Engineering, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Spain（软件工程系，数据科学与计算智能安达卢西亚研究机构（DaSCI），格拉纳达大学，西班牙）；School of Management, Hangzhou Dianzi University, China（管理学院，杭州电子科技大学，中国）；Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security, Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications, China（陕西省信息通信网络与安全重点实验室，西安邮电大学，中国）
An Architecture Built for Federated Learning: Addressing Data Heterogeneity through Adaptive Normalization-Free Feature Recalibration
Department of Computer Science, City St. George’s, University of London（伦敦大学城市圣乔治学院计算机科学系）；BioMedIA, Department of Computing, Imperial College London（伦敦帝国理工学院计算系BioMedIA）
Federated Learning is a fast growing area of ML where the training datasets are extremely distributed, all while dynamically changing over time. Models need to be trained on clients' devices without any guarantees for either homogeneity or stationarity of the local private data. The need for continual training has also risen, due to the ever-increasing production of in-task data. However, pursuing both directions at the same time is challenging, since client data privacy is a major constraint, especially for rehearsal methods. Herein, we propose a novel algorithm to address the incremental lea…
Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa（比萨高等师范学校）；IIT-CNR（意大利国家研究委员会信息科学与技术研究所）
Federated learning (FL) is proving to be one of the most promising paradigms for leveraging distributed resources, enabling a set of clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model while keeping the data decentralized. The explosive growth of interest in the topic has led to rapid advancements in several core aspects like communication efficiency, handling non-IID data, privacy, and security capabilities. However, the majority of FL works only deal with supervised tasks, assuming that clients' training sets are labeled. To leverage the enormous unlabeled data on distributed edge devi…
Principles and Components of Federated Learning Architectures
Research and Development Department（研发部）；University of Hertfordshire（赫特福德大学）；Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology（孟加拉工程与技术大学）；Westcliff university（韦斯特克莱夫大学）；Clark Atlanta University（克拉克亚特兰大大学）
Novel clustered federated learning based on local loss
LMIB, School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University（力学系，数学科学学院，北航）；College of Science, China Agricultural University（中国农业大学，理学院）；School of Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Normal University（南京师范大学，数学科学学院）；School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University（力学系，数学科学学院，北航）
One-shot Federated Learning Methods: A Practical Guide
National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）；Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics Dongfang College（浙江财经大学东方学院）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）；College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University（浙江大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Hong Kong Baptist University（香港浸会大学）
Billions of IoT devices will be deployed in the near future, taking advantage of faster Internet speed and the possibility of orders of magnitude more endpoints brought by 5G/6G. With the growth of IoT devices, vast quantities of data that may contain users' private information will be generated. The high communication and storage costs, mixed with privacy concerns, will increasingly challenge the traditional ecosystem of centralized over-the-cloud learning and processing for IoT platforms. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as the most promising alternative approach to this problem. In FL, t…
Federated learning allows for the training of a model using data on multiple clients without the clients transmitting that raw data. However the standard method is to transmit model parameters (or updates), which for modern neural networks can be on the scale of millions of parameters, inflicting significant computational costs on the clients. We propose a method for federated learning where instead of transmitting a gradient update back to the server, we instead transmit a small amount of synthetic `data'. We describe the procedure and show some experimental results suggesting this procedure …
