尘埃贫乏的原行星盘中H$_2$紫外光子泵浦效应
The effect of ultra-violet photon pumping of H$_2$ in dust-deficient protoplanetary disks
AI总结：
本研究通过辐射流体动力学模拟，发现尘埃贫乏原行星盘中紫外H$_2$泵浦显著增强光蒸发，影响晚期盘演化，并提供了质量损失率数据。
摘要：
我们进行了辐射流体动力学模拟，以研究光蒸发原行星盘的结构与演化。来自主星的紫外和X射线辐射加热盘表面，在此处H$_2$泵浦也高效运行。我们运行了一系列模拟，改变尘埃颗粒的数量，即尘埃与气体质量比，这决定了光电加热与H$_2$泵浦之间的相对重要性。我们表明，当尘埃与气体质量比$\mathcal{D}\leq10^{-3}$时，H$_2$泵浦和X射线加热对盘的质量损失贡献更强。盘的质量损失率随尘埃数量的减少而降低，但保持在约$10^{-10-11} M_{\odot} {\rm yr}^{-1}$。在这种尘埃贫乏的盘中，H$_2$泵浦增强了内盘区域的光蒸发，并塑造了盘的质量损失轮廓。因此，我们认为晚期盘的演化受到紫外H$_2$泵浦效应的影响。我们的模拟得出的质量损失率可用于研究长期盘演化。
英文摘要：
We perform radiation hydrodynamics simulations to study the structure and evolution of a photoevaporating protoplanetary disk. Ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the host star heats the disk surface, where H$_2$ pumping also operates efficiently. We run a set of simulations with varying the amount of dust grains, or the dust-to-gas mass ratio, which determines the relative importance between photoelectric heating and H$_2$ pumping. We show that H$_2$ pumping and X-ray heating contribute stronger to the mass-loss of the disk if the dust-to-gas mass ratio is $\mathcal{D}\leq10^{-3}$.The disk mass loss rate decreases with a lower dust amount, but remains around $10^{-10-11} M_{\odot} {\rm yr}^{-1}$. In such dust-deficient disks, H$_2$ pumping enhances photoevaporation from the inner disk region and shapes the disk mass-loss profile. We thus argue that the late-stage disk evolution is affected by the ultra-violet H$_2$ pumping effect. The mass-loss rates derived from our simulations can be used in the study of long-term disk evolution.
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