引力、量子场和量子信息：经典通道和随机理论问题
Gravity, Quantum Fields and Quantum Information: Problems with classical channel and stochastic theories
摘要：
近年来，越来越多的论文试图通过量子信息理论的工具和视角来模拟或取代量子场论来讨论与引力有关的问题，这些论文往往是在替代量子理论的背景下进行的。在这篇文章中，我们指出了三个常见的问题，在这种治疗。首先，我们表明，由信息通道介导的相互作用的概念是不，在一般情况下，等价于相互作用的量子场论的治疗。当用来描述引力时，这个概念可能会导致与广义相对论的矛盾。其次，我们指出，一般来说，不能用经典随机源的场来代替量子场，或者用经典噪声来模拟量子涨落的影响，因为这样做会遗漏重要的量子特征，如相干性和纠缠。第三，我们解释了在特定条件下，半经典和随机理论确实可以从它们的量子起源中制定出来，并在某些感兴趣的制度中发挥作用。
英文摘要：
In recent years an increasing number of papers attempt to mimic or supplant quantum field theory in discussions of issues related to gravity by the tools and through the perspective of quantum information theory, often in the context of alternative quantum theories. In this essay, we point out three common problems in such treatments. First, we show that the notion of interactions mediated by an information channel is not, in general, equivalent to the treatment of interactions by quantum field theory. When used to describe gravity, this notion may lead to inconsistencies with general relativity. Second, we point out that in general one cannot replace a quantum field by that of classical stochastic sources, or mock up the effects of quantum fluctuations by classical noises, because in so doing important quantum features such as coherence and entanglement will be left out. Third, we explain how under specific conditions semi-classical and stochastic theories indeed can be formulated from their quantum origins and play a role at certain regimes of interest.
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