平衡Eady模式中的输送和突现层结：涡旋气体标度区
Transport and emergent stratification in the equilibrated Eady model: the vortex gas scaling regime
摘要：
我们的数值和理论研究Boussinesq Eady模型，在那里一个快速旋转的密度分层层的流体是受一个热风平衡的垂直剪切纬向流的纬向温度梯度。通过一系列的数值模拟，我们表明，所产生的湍流的传输特性是由准地转（QG）动力学在快速旋转的强层结制度。在两层QG模型的背景下提出的“涡旋气体”标度预测延续到这个完全3D系统：控制参数上的双曲矢通量的函数依赖性是相同的，进入理论的两个可调参数取稍微不同的值。与QG预测一致，赤道浮力通量与深度无关。垂直浮力通量是这样的湍流沿等密度线传输浮力，除了在顶部和底部边界附近的狭窄层中，其厚度随着扩散率趋于零而减小。垂直浮力通量和沿垂直方向的扩散之间的简单平衡决定了层结的出现（再）。总体而言，这项研究表明如何涡气体标度理论可以适应定量预测的大小和垂直结构的纬向和垂直浮力通量，和紧急分层，没有额外的拟合参数。
英文摘要：
We numerically and theoretically investigate the Boussinesq Eady model, where a rapidly rotating density-stratified layer of fluid is subject to a meridional temperature gradient in thermal wind balance with a uniform vertically sheared zonal flow. Through a suite of numerical simulations, we show that the transport properties of the resulting turbulent flow are governed by quasi-geostrophic (QG) dynamics in the rapidly rotating strongly stratified regime. The 'vortex gas' scaling predictions put forward in the context of the two-layer QG model carry over to this fully 3D system: the functional dependence of the meridional flux on the control parameters is the same, the two ajustable parameters entering the theory taking slightly different values. In line with the QG prediction, the meridional buoyancy flux is depth-independent. The vertical buoyancy flux is such that turbulence transports buoyancy along isopycnals, except in narrow layers near the the top and bottom boundaries, the thickness of which decreases as the diffusivities go to zero. The emergent (re)stratification is set by a simple balance between the vertical buoyancy flux and diffusion along the vertical direction. Overall, this study demonstrates how the vortex-gas scaling theory can be adapted to quantitatively predict the magnitude and vertical structure of the meridional and vertical buoyancy fluxes, and of the emergent stratification, without additional fitting parameters.
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