自动驾驶汽车：人工智能与法律的交叉路口
The Self-Driving Car: Crossroads at the Bleeding Edge of Artificial Intelligence and Law
摘要：
人工智能（AI）功能越来越多地嵌入到汽车中，并且是自动驾驶汽车（SDC）操作的核心。人们很少或根本没有努力去理解和评估人工智能在汽车中所做决定的广泛法律和监管影响。进行了全面的文献综述，以确定感知的障碍，利益和促进因素的SDC，以帮助我们了解现有的和拟议的法律法规的适用性和局限性。(1)现有的和拟议的法律主要是基于SDV的声称的好处，这些好处仍然大多是推测性的和未经检验的;（2）虽然公开提出的问题是在SDC涉及事故的情况下分配责任和确定谁支付费用，但这些障碍广泛地与社会、法律和法规的几乎每一个领域交叉;以及（3）新的法律和法规最常被确定为启用SDC的主要因素。评估人工智能在SDC中的影响的研究需要扩大到疏忽和责任之外，以包括本文中确定的障碍，好处和促进因素。本文的结果是重要的，因为它们指出，需要更深入地理解所有现有的法律和法规对引进SDC技术的广泛影响，重点是确定那些真正需要持续立法关注的领域。
英文摘要：
Artificial intelligence (AI) features are increasingly being embedded in cars and are central to the operation of self-driving cars (SDC). There is little or no effort expended towards understanding and assessing the broad legal and regulatory impact of the decisions made by AI in cars. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to determine the perceived barriers, benefits and facilitating factors of SDC in order to help us understand the suitability and limitations of existing and proposed law and regulation. (1) existing and proposed laws are largely based on claimed benefits of SDV that are still mostly speculative and untested; (2) while publicly presented as issues of assigning blame and identifying who pays where the SDC is involved in an accident, the barriers broadly intersect with almost every area of society, laws and regulations; and (3) new law and regulation are most frequently identified as the primary factor for enabling SDC. Research on assessing the impact of AI in SDC needs to be broadened beyond negligence and liability to encompass barriers, benefits and facilitating factors identified in this paper. Results of this paper are significant in that they point to the need for deeper comprehension of the broad impact of all existing law and regulations on the introduction of SDC technology, with a focus on identifying only those areas truly requiring ongoing legislative attention.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
