The presence of sarcasm in conversational systems and social media like chatbots, Facebook, Twitter, etc. poses several challenges for downstream NLP tasks. This is attributed to the fact that the intended meaning of a sarcastic text is contrary to what is expressed. Further, the use of code-mix language to express sarcasm is increasing day by day. Current NLP techniques for code-mix data have limited success due to the use of different lexicon, syntax, and scarcity of labeled corpora. To solve the joint problem of code-mixing and sarcasm detection, we propose the idea of capturing incongruity through sub-word level embeddings learned via fastText. Empirical results shows that our proposed model achieves F1-score on code-mix Hinglish dataset comparable to pretrained multilingual models while training 10x faster and using a lower memory footprint
Sarcasm detection is an essential task that can help identify the actual sentiment in user-generated data, such as discussion forums or tweets. Sarcasm is a sophisticated form of linguistic expression because its surface meaning usually contradicts its inner, deeper meaning. Such incongruity is the essential component of sarcasm, however, it makes sarcasm detection quite a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a model, that incorporates different features to capture the incongruity intrinsic to sarcasm. We use a pre-trained transformer and CNN to capture context features, and we use tran…
Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California（南加州大学信息科学研究所）；Department of Computer Science, Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学计算机科学系）；Educational Testing Service（教育考试服务中心）；Data Science Institute, Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学数据科学研究所）
We propose an unsupervised approach for sarcasm generation based on a non-sarcastic input sentence. Our method employs a retrieve-and-edit framework to instantiate two major characteristics of sarcasm: reversal of valence and semantic incongruity with the context which could include shared commonsense or world knowledge between the speaker and the listener. While prior works on sarcasm generation predominantly focus on context incongruity, we show that combining valence reversal and semantic incongruity based on the commonsense knowledge generates sarcasm of higher quality. Human evaluation sh…
ProSarc: Prosody-Aware Sarcasm Recognition Framework via Temporal Prosodic Incongruity
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India（1 计算机科学与工程系，泰帕尔工程与技术学院，印度帕蒂亚拉）；School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry, United Kingdom（2 计算学、工程与智能系统学院，乌斯特大学，英国伦敦德里）；School of Computing, Ulster University, Belfast, United Kingdom（3 计算学学院，乌斯特大学，英国贝尔法斯特）
Multi-View Incongruity Learning for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection
Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院信息工程研究所）；School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院）；State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学软件开发环境国家重点实验室）；School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学计算机学院）；Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校计算机系）
In the past decade, sarcasm detection has been intensively conducted in a textual scenario. With the popularization of video communication, the analysis in multi-modal scenarios has received much attention in recent years. Therefore, multi-modal sarcasm detection, which aims at detecting sarcasm in video conversations, becomes increasingly hot in both the natural language processing community and the multi-modal analysis community. In this paper, considering that sarcasm is often conveyed through incongruity between modalities (e.g., text expressing a compliment while acoustic tone indicating …
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校）；IITB-Monash Research Academy（印度理工学院孟买分校-莫纳什研究学院）；IBM Research（IBM研究院）
In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism for enriching the feature vector, for the task of sarcasm detection, with cognitive features extracted from eye-movement patterns of human readers. Sarcasm detection has been a challenging research problem, and its importance for NLP applications such as review summarization, dialog systems and sentiment analysis is well recognized. Sarcasm can often be traced to incongruity that becomes apparent as the full sentence unfolds. This presence of incongruity- implicit or explicit- affects the way readers eyes move through the text. We observe the differe…
Indian Institute of technology Indore（印度理工学院印多尔分校）；NIT Meghalaya（梅加拉亚国家理工学院）
Sarcasm detection identifies natural language expressions whose intended meaning is different from what is implied by its surface meaning. It finds applications in many NLP tasks such as opinion mining, sentiment analysis, etc. Today, social media has given rise to an abundant amount of multimodal data where users express their opinions through text and images. Our paper aims to leverage multimodal data to improve the performance of the existing systems for sarcasm detection. So far, various approaches have been proposed that uses text and image modality and a fusion of both. We propose a nove…
A*Star, Institute for Infocomm Research（新加坡科技研究局资讯通信研究院）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）
Sarcasm is a sophisticated speech act which commonly manifests on social communities such as Twitter and Reddit. The prevalence of sarcasm on the social web is highly disruptive to opinion mining systems due to not only its tendency of polarity flipping but also usage of figurative language. Sarcasm commonly manifests with a contrastive theme either between positive-negative sentiments or between literal-figurative scenarios. In this paper, we revisit the notion of modeling contrast in order to reason with sarcasm. More specifically, we propose an attention-based neural model that looks in-bet…
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校）；Monash University（莫纳什大学）；IITB-Monash Research Academy（IITB-莫纳什研究学院）
This paper makes a simple increment to state-of-the-art in sarcasm detection research. Existing approaches are unable to capture subtle forms of context incongruity which lies at the heart of sarcasm. We explore if prior work can be enhanced using semantic similarity/discordance between word embeddings. We augment word embedding-based features to four feature sets reported in the past. We also experiment with four types of word embeddings. We observe an improvement in sarcasm detection, irrespective of the word embedding used or the original feature set to which our features are augmented. For…
SarcasmMiner: A Dual-Track Post-Training Framework for Robust Audio-Visual Sarcasm Reasoning
Speech Technology Lab, University of Groningen, The Netherlands（格罗宁根大学语音技术实验室，荷兰）；Center for Language and Cognition, University of Groningen, The Netherlands（格罗宁根大学语言与认知中心，荷兰）
Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi (IIIT Delhi)（德里因陀罗普拉斯塔信息技术学院）
Sarcasm is a pervading linguistic phenomenon and highly challenging to explain due to its subjectivity, lack of context and deeply-felt opinion. In the multimodal setup, sarcasm is conveyed through the incongruity between the text and visual entities. Although recent approaches deal with sarcasm as a classification problem, it is unclear why an online post is identified as sarcastic. Without proper explanation, end users may not be able to perceive the underlying sense of irony. In this paper, we propose a novel problem -- Multimodal Sarcasm Explanation (MuSE) -- given a multimodal sarcastic p…
Netaji Subhas University of Technology（内塔吉·苏巴斯理工大学）
With the increased use of social media platforms by people across the world, many new interesting NLP problems have come into existence. One such being the detection of sarcasm in the social media texts. We present a corpus of tweets for training custom word embeddings and a Hinglish dataset labelled for sarcasm detection. We propose a deep learning based approach to address the issue of sarcasm detection in Hindi-English code mixed tweets using bilingual word embeddings derived from FastText and Word2Vec approaches. We experimented with various deep learning models, including CNNs, LSTMs, Bi-…
International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad（海得拉巴国际信息技术研究所）
Social media platforms like twitter and facebook have be- come two of the largest mediums used by people to express their views to- wards different topics. Generation of such large user data has made NLP tasks like sentiment analysis and opinion mining much more important. Using sarcasm in texts on social media has become a popular trend lately. Using sarcasm reverses the meaning and polarity of what is implied by the text which poses challenge for many NLP tasks. The task of sarcasm detection in text is gaining more and more importance for both commer- cial and security services. We present t…
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校）；Monash University（莫纳什大学）；IITB-Monash Research Academy（印度理工学院孟买分校-莫纳什研究学院）；IIT-BHU (Varanasi)（印度理工学院贝纳拉斯印度教大学分校（瓦拉纳西））
Topic Models have been reported to be beneficial for aspect-based sentiment analysis. This paper reports a simple topic model for sarcasm detection, a first, to the best of our knowledge. Designed on the basis of the intuition that sarcastic tweets are likely to have a mixture of words of both sentiments as against tweets with literal sentiment (either positive or negative), our hierarchical topic model discovers sarcasm-prevalent topics and topic-level sentiment. Using a dataset of tweets labeled using hashtags, the model estimates topic-level, and sentiment-level distributions. Our evaluatio…
Sarcasm detection and humor classification are inherently subtle problems, primarily due to their dependence on the contextual and non-verbal information. Furthermore, existing studies in these two topics are usually constrained in non-English languages such as Hindi, due to the unavailability of qualitative annotated datasets. In this work, we make two major contributions considering the above limitations: (1) we develop a Hindi-English code-mixed dataset, MaSaC, for the multi-modal sarcasm detection and humor classification in conversational dialog, which to our knowledge is the first datase…
MixSarc: A Bangla-English Code-Mixed Corpus for Implicit Meaning Identification
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh（伊斯兰科技大学计算机科学与工程系，达卡，孟加拉国）；Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校计算机科学系，芝加哥，伊利诺伊州，美国）
