Aharonov-Bohm相的反常流
Anomaly flow by an Aharonov-Bohm phase
摘要：
在规范-希格斯统一（GHU）中，规范对称性被第五维中的阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆（AB）相$θ_H$动态破缺。我们在平坦的$M^4 \times (S^1/Z_2)$时空和Randall-Sundrum（RS）弯曲空间中分析了带有$SU(2)$二重态费米子的$SU(2)$ GHU。在轨道边界条件下，规范对称性的$U(1)$部分在$θ_H = 0$和$π$处保持不破缺。费米子多重态在$θ_H = 0$处具有手征零模，其在$θ_H = π$处变得有质量。换句话说，手征费米子通过AB相$θ_H$转化为矢量费米子。$θ_H = 0$的手性异常随$θ_H$连续变化，在$θ_H=π$消失。我们证明了这一有趣的现象，在RS空间中，没有发生水平交叉的质谱和一切变化顺利。当RS空间的AdS曲率减小时，平坦时空极限是奇异的，并且在平坦时空中再现了结果。异常出现的各种组合的卡鲁扎-克莱因规范场的激发模式以及。虽然异常的大小取决于$θ_{H}$和RS空间的翘曲因子，但它不取决于费米子场的体质量参数，该参数控制其在一般$θ_H$的质量和波函数。
英文摘要：
In gauge-Higgs unification (GHU), gauge symmetry is dynamically broken by an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) phase, $θ_H$, in the fifth dimension. We analyze $SU(2)$ GHU with an $SU(2)$ doublet fermion in flat $M^4 \times (S^1/Z_2)$ spacetime and in the Randall-Sundrum (RS) warped space. With orbifold boundary conditions the $U(1)$ part of gauge symmetry remains unbroken at $θ_H = 0$ and $π$. The fermion multiplet has chiral zero modes at $θ_H = 0$, which become massive at $θ_H = π$. In other words chiral fermions are transformed to vectorlike fermions by the AB phase $θ_H$. Chiral anomaly at $θ_H = 0$ continuously varies as $θ_H$ and vanishes at $θ_H=π$. We demonstrate this intriguing phenomenon in the RS space in which there occurs no level crossing in the mass spectrum and everything varies smoothly. The flat spacetime limit is singular as the AdS curvature of the RS space diminishes, and reproduces the result in the flat spacetime. Anomalies appear for various combinations of Kaluza-Klein excitation modes of gauge fields as well. Although the magnitude of anomalies depends on $θ_{H}$ and the warp factor of the RS space, it does not depend on the bulk mass parameter of the fermion field controlling its mass and wave function at general $θ_H$.
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