Current observational facilities have yet to conclusively detect $10^3 - 10^4 M_{\odot}$ intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) that fill in the evolutionary gap between early universe seed black holes and $z \sim 0$ supermassive black holes. Dwarf galaxies present an opportunity to reveal active IMBHs amidst persistent star formation. We introduce photoionization simulations tailored to address key physical uncertainties: coincident vs. non-coincident mixing of IMBH and starlight excitation, open vs. closed surrounding gas cloud geometries, and different AGN SED shapes. We examine possible AGN emission line diagnostics in the optical and mid-IR, and find that the diagnostics are often degenerate with respect to the investigated physical uncertainties. In spite of these setbacks, and in contrast to recent work, we are able to show that [O III]/H$β$ typically remains bright for dwarf AGN powered by IMBHs down to $10^3 M_{\odot}$. Dwarf AGN are predicted to have inconsistent star-forming and Seyfert/LINER classifications using the most common optical diagnostics. In the mid-IR, [O IV] 25.9$μ$m and [Ar II] 6.98$μ$m are less sensitive to physical uncertainties than are optical diagnostics. Based on these emission lines, we provide several mid-IR emission line diagnostic diagrams with demarcations for separating starbursts and AGN with varying levels of activity. The diagrams are valid over a wide range of ionization parameters and metallicities out to $z\sim0.1$, so will prove useful for future JWST observations of local dwarf AGN in the search for IMBHs. We make our photoionization simulation suite freely available.
The Intermediate Mass Black Hole in Omega Centauri: Constraints on Accretion from JWST
The George Washington University(乔治华盛顿大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);IRAP-Roche(红外天文研究所-罗歇);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);The University of Utah(犹他大学)
JWST MIRI color classification of mid-infrared selected galaxies: MIRI color classification toward cosmic noon
Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Science Faculty, İstanbul University(伊斯坦布尔大学理学院天文学与空间科学系);Institute of Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University(国立清华大学天文研究所);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系);Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)(日本综合研究大学院大学天文学科学系);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University(国立中兴大学物理系);Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学天文与天体物理研究学院);Sabancı University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences(萨班哲大学工程与自然科学学院)
Photometric Constraints on Intermediate-mass Black Holes in the Galactic Centre
University of California Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);University of Toronto(多伦多大学);Max Planck Institute for Radioastronomy(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所);McGill University(麦吉尔大学);Trottier Space Institute(特罗蒂尔太空研究所);University of Maryland, College Park(马里兰大学帕克分校);University of California, Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校);Space Telescope Science Institute(空间望远镜科学研究所);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto(多伦多大学邓普勒天文学与天体物理学研究所);University of Innsbruck(因斯布鲁克大学)
GOALS-JWST: Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Nucleus of NGC 7469
我们目前的中红外光谱观测的核心附近的塞弗特星系NGC 7469采取与MIRI仪器的詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)的一部分,董事自由裁量权的时间提前释放科学(ERS)计划1328。高分辨率核谱包含19条发射线,覆盖了广泛的电离范围。高电离线表现出广泛的,蓝移的排放达到1700公里的速度$^{-1}$和FWHM范围从$\sim500 - 1100$公里的$^{-1}$。宽发射的宽度和宽线与窄线的通量比与电离势相关。结果表明,减速,分层,活动星系核驱动流出的核心。估计的质量流出率比目前为活动星系核提供动力所需的黑洞吸积率大一到两个数量级。八个纯转动H $_{2}$发射线检测到的固有宽度从半高宽$\sim 125-330$公里秒$^{-1}$。我们估计在中心100 pc的热H $_{2}$气体的总质量为$\sim1.2\times10^{7}$ M $_{\odot}$。PAH特征在核谱中是非常弱的,但是检测到具有等效宽度$\sim0.07μ$ m和通量$2.7\times10^{-17}$ W m $^{-2}$的$6.2μ$ m PAH特征。光谱在中红外线处急剧上升,硅酸盐强度为$\sim0.02$,比大多数PG类星体小得多,但与其他塞弗特1相当。这些早期的MIRI中红外IFU数据突出了JWST探测活跃吸积超大质量黑洞周围多相星际介质的能力。
Time-scales of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and dust continuum emission from gas clouds compared to molecular gas cloud lifetimes in PHANGS-JWST galaxies
JWST Discovery of High-Velocity Mid-Infrared Ionized Outflows in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies F11119+3257 and F05189-2524
University of Maryland(马里兰大学);Rhodes College(罗兹学院);Universidad de Alcalá(阿尔卡拉大学);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心(CAB),西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所/西班牙高等科学研究委员会);University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学);Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics(马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF), CSIC(基础物理研究所(IFF),西班牙高等科学研究委员会)
MEOW: The increase in the obscured AGN fraction in mid-infrared from 0 < z < 6 with JWST MIRI
Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院);Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research(卡弗里天体物理学与空间研究所);Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院物理系);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心(CAB),西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所/西班牙高等科学研究理事会);Department of Physics, University of the Pacific(太平洋大学物理系);Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校天文系);Cosmic Frontier Center, The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校宇宙前沿中心)
利用JWST MIRI数据,研究发现0 < z < 6范围内 obscured AGN 分数随红移增加而显著上升,揭示了光学/紫外波段无法检测到的大量被尘埃遮蔽的AGN。
First results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: Benchmark Comparison of Optical and Mid-IR Tracers of a Dusty, Ionized Red Quasar Wind at z=0.435
FROST-CLUSTERS -- III. Metallicity-dependent intermediate mass black hole formation by runaway collisions in dense star clusters
Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文研究所);Kavli Institute for Cosmology, Cambridge (KICC), University of Cambridge(剑桥卡弗里宇宙学研究所);Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Astronomisches Rechen-Institut(海德堡大学天文中心,天文计算研究所);Max Planck Computing and Data Facility (MPCDF)(马克斯·普朗克计算与数据中心);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Department of Physics, University of Helsinki(赫尔辛基大学物理系)
Calibrating Photometric Mid-Infrared Star Formation Rates for JWST
Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯特沃德天文台);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心(CAB),西班牙国家科学技术研究委员会-国家航空航天技术研究所);Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva(日内瓦大学天文学系);Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯玻尔研究所);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心(DAWN));Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学天文学与天体物理学系);Department for Astrophysical and Planetary Science, University of Colorado(科罗拉多大学天体物理与行星科学系)
Efficient black hole seed formation in low metallicity and dense stellar clusters with implications for JWST sources
University of Heidelberg(海德堡大学);Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院尼古拉·哥白尼天文学中心);New York University Abu Dhabi(阿布扎比纽约大学);Sapienza Università di Roma(罗马第一大学);Universidad de Concepción(康塞普西翁大学);Universidad de Chile(智利大学);Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院)
In-situ formation of star clusters at z > 7 via galactic disk fragmentation; shedding light on ultra-compact clusters and overmassive black holes seen by JWST
The MandelZoom project II: the impact of stellar feedback on black hole accretion through an $α$-disc in dwarf galaxies with a resolved interstellar medium
Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文学研究所);Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所);Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);Centre for Astrophysics Research, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire(赫特福德大学物理、天文与数学系天体物理研究中心);St Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学圣凯瑟琳学院)
JWST Whirlpool Galaxy Treasury: Mid-Infrared Emission in M51 and its Relation to Gas Column and Star Formation
University of California, San Diego(加州大学圣地亚哥分校);University of Wyoming(怀俄明大学);The Ohio State University(俄亥俄州立大学);National Radio Astronomy Observatory(国家射电天文台);Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学);Whitman College(惠特曼学院);European Space Agency(欧洲空间局);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所)
Exploring the mid-infrared SEDs of six AGN dusty torus models I: synthetic spectra
在远离活动星系核(AGN)的地方,环境温度低于1500-1800 K,尘埃能够存活。因此,有可能存在一个围绕活动星系核的大尘埃结构。这是两篇论文中的第一篇,旨在比较六个尘埃环面模型与可用的SED,即Fritz et al.(2006),Nenkova et al.(2008 B),Hoenig & Kishimoto(2010),Siebenmorgen et al.(2015),Stalevski et al.(2016)和Hoenig & Kishimoto(2017)。在这第一篇论文中,我们使用合成光谱来探索这些模型之间的区别,在何种情况下,他们允许限制环面参数,而我们的第二篇论文分析了最好的模型来描述中红外光谱数据。我们已经产生了合成光谱,从目前的仪器:GTC/CanariCam和斯皮策/IRS和未来的JWST/MIRI和JWST/NIRSpec仪器。我们发现,对于一个合理的亮度(F12 um> 100 mJy),我们实际上可以区分模型之间,除了两对父模型。我们表明,这些模型可以区分的基础上的连续斜率和强度的硅酸盐功能。此外,对于除Hoenig & Kishimoto(2017)之外的所有模型,无论使用何种仪器,其参数都可以限制在15%的误差范围内。然而,当超过50%的环核贡献者被包括在内时,参数估计被破坏。因此,未来的高空间分辨率光谱,如那些预期从JWST将提供足够的覆盖…
JWST/MIRI-MRS view of the metal-poor galaxy CGCG 007-025: the spatial location of PAHs and very highly ionized gas
Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);AURA for ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute(欧洲航天局天文研究联盟,太空望远镜科学研究所);Isaac Newton Group(艾萨克·牛顿小组);Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA)(阿拉贡宇宙物理研究中心 (CEFCA));Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC)(安达卢西亚天体物理学研究所 (CSIC));INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所 - 阿尔切特里天文台);Astrophysics Division, Science Mission Directorate, NASA Headquarters(美国国家航空航天局总部科学任务局天体物理学部);Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学天体物理研究所)
Resolved Dust in $z\approx1$ Galaxies with JWST/MIRI MRS: Survey Description and First View on PAHs, Mid-IR Atomic Emission, and Warm H$_2$
Caltech/IPAC(加州理工学院/IPAC);Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校天文学系);Cosmic Frontier Center, The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校宇宙前沿中心);International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, University of Western Australia(西澳大利亚大学国际射电天文研究中心);Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学天体物理学研究学院);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所/西班牙国家研究委员会天体生物学中心);Leiden Observatory, Leiden University(莱顿大学莱顿天文台);Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院紫金山天文台)