次闭类中单调性质的可测性与局部证明
Testability and local certification of monotone properties in minor-closed classes
摘要：
图属性测试领域中的主要问题是理解哪些图属性是\emph{testable}，这意味着通过对任何输入图$G$的不断的许多查询，测试者可以以良好的概率决定$G$是否满足该属性，或者远不满足该属性。可测性在稠密模型和有界度模型中得到了很好的理解，但在稀疏图类中，当图被允许具有无界度时，可测性却知之甚少。这是\emph{sparse model}的设置。我们证明了对于任何真的小闭类$\mathcal{G}$，任何单调性质（即，在取子图下封闭的任何性质）对于来自稀疏模型中的$\mathcal{G}$的图是可测试的。这推广了Czumaj和Sohler（FOCS'19）的一个结果，他们证明了它的单调性与许多禁止子图。我们的结果意味着，例如，对于任何整数$k$和$t$，$k$ -着色的$K_t$ -小自由图是可测试的稀疏模型。Elek最近证明，来自不交并下闭合的次闭类的有界度图的单调性可以通过常数时间内的近似证明标记方案来验证。我们再次证明了在他的结果中有界度的假设可以省略。
英文摘要：
The main problem in the area of graph property testing is to understand which graph properties are \emph{testable}, which means that with constantly many queries to any input graph $G$, a tester can decide with good probability whether $G$ satisfies the property, or is far from satisfying the property. Testable properties are well understood in the dense model and in the bounded degree model, but little is known in sparse graph classes when graphs are allowed to have unbounded degree. This is the setting of the \emph{sparse model}. We prove that for any proper minor-closed class $\mathcal{G}$, any monotone property (i.e., any property that is closed under taking subgraphs) is testable for graphs from $\mathcal{G}$ in the sparse model. This extends a result of Czumaj and Sohler (FOCS'19), who proved it for monotone properties with finitely many forbidden subgraphs. Our result implies for instance that for any integers $k$ and $t$, $k$-colorability of $K_t$-minor free graphs is testable in the sparse model. Elek recently proved that monotone properties of bounded degree graphs from minor-closed classes that are closed under disjoint union can be verified by an approximate proof labeling scheme in constant time. We show again that the assumption of bounded degree can be omitted in his result.
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