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arXiv 2201.12665astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COphysics.flu-dyn
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旋转和生长的暗物质晕的平均流、速度色散、能量传递和演化

The mean flow, velocity dispersion, energy transfer and evolution of rotating and growing dark matter halos

Zhijie Xu

摘要:

通过将速度色散分解为非自旋和自旋诱导的速度色散,解析求解了轴对称旋转和生长晕的平均流和色散。极向流可以忽略不计,而方位流与色散直接相关。虚拟(“雷诺”)应力作用于平均流,以使能量从平均流转移到随机运动,并使系统熵最大化。对于浓度恒定的大晕(在晕生命早期阶段具有高的峰高$ν$),存在自相似的径向流(在核内向外,在外围向内)。通过快速的质量吸积,晕的质量、尺寸和比角动量随时间线性增加。光环核心的旋转速度比外围快。大的晕以与哈勃参数成比例的角速度旋转,并且自旋诱导色散是主要的。所有的比能(径向/转动/动能/势能)都是时不变的。晕旋($\sim$ 0.031)和各向异性参数可以解析推导。对于具有稳定核心和缓慢质量吸积的“小”晕(在晕生命的后期阶段低峰值高度$ν$),径向流消失。小晕以恒定的角速度旋转,非自旋轴向色散占主导地位。小晕是球形的,不可压缩,各向同性。径向和方位角色散是可比的,并大于极性色散。由于自旋有限,动能在方位角方向上并不均分,能量最大。与正常物质不同,小晕的温度更高,旋转速度更快。从早期到晚期,晕弛豫包括形状、密度、平均流量、动量和能量的变化。在弛豫期间,晕圈同位素以保守的比旋转动能“伸展”,增加浓度和惯性动量。晕“拉伸”导致角速度减小,角动量和自旋参数增大。

英文摘要:

By decomposing velocity dispersion into non-spin and spin-induced, mean flow and dispersion are analytically solved for axisymmetric rotating and growing halos. The polar flow can be neglected and azimuthal flow is directly related to dispersion. The fictitious ("Reynolds") stress acts on mean flow to enable energy transfer from mean flow to random motion and maximize system entropy. For large halos (high peak height $ν$ at early stage of halo life) with constant concentration, there exists a self-similar radial flow (outward in core and inward in outer region). Halo mass, size and specific angular momentum increase linearly with time via fast mass accretion. Halo core spins faster than outer region. Large halos rotate with an angular velocity proportional to Hubble parameter and spin-induced dispersion is dominant. All specific energies (radial/rotational/kinetic/potential) are time-invariant. Both halo spin ($\sim$0.031) and anisotropic parameters can be analytically derived. For "small" halos with stable core and slow mass accretion (low peak height $ν$ at late stage of halo life), radial flow vanishes. Small halos rotate with constant angular velocity and non-spin axial dispersion is dominant. Small halos are spherical in shape, incompressible, and isotropic. Radial and azimuthal dispersion are comparable and greater than polar dispersion. Due to finite spin, kinetic energy is not equipartitioned with the greatest energy along azimuthal direction. Different from normal matter, small halos are hotter with faster spin. Halo relaxation from early to late stage involves variation of shape, density, mean flow, momentum, and energy. During relaxation, halo isotopically "stretches" with conserved specific rotational kinetic energy, increasing concentration and momentum of inertial. Halo "stretching" leads to decreasing angular velocity, increasing angular momentum and spin parameter.

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