动力学朗道尔原理：用热力学量化信息传输
Dynamical Landauer Principle: Quantifying Information Transmission by Thermodynamics
AI总结：
本文证明量子动力学传输 n 比特经典信息的能力等价于其在热力学任务中传输 n 单位能量的能力，从而建立信息传输与能量传输的解析对应，并揭示动力学版朗道尔原理，为经典通信提供热力学量化解释。
摘要：
能量传输与信息传输是自然的两个基本方面。它们看似无关，但近期研究提示二者之间可能存在深层联系。这引出一个问题：我们能否将传输经典比特的过程等价地表述为特定的能量传输任务，从而揭示它们之间的基础性联系？我们对此给出肯定回答，并证明对于一大类经典通信任务，量子动力学传输 n 比特经典信息的能力等价于其在热力学任务中传输 n 单位能量的能力。这一发现不仅提供了信息传输与能量提取任务之间的解析对应关系，而且通过热力学量化了经典通信。此外，我们的结果揭示了朗道尔原理的动力学版本，表明信息传输与能量传输之间存在强关联。在渐近区域，我们的结果进一步为量子通信理论中著名的 Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland 定理赋予了热力学含义。
英文摘要：
Energy transfer and information transmission are two fundamental aspects of nature. They are seemingly unrelated, while recent findings suggest that a deep connection between them is to be discovered. This amounts to asking: Can we phrase the processes of transmitting classical bits equivalently as specific energy-transmitting tasks, thereby uncovering foundational links between them? We answer this question positively by showing that, for a broad class of classical communication tasks, a quantum dynamics' ability to transmit $n$ bits of classical information is equivalent to its ability to transmit $n$ units of energy in a thermodynamic task. This finding not only provides an analytical correspondence between information transmission and energy extraction tasks, but also quantifies classical communication by thermodynamics. Furthermore, our findings uncover the dynamical version of Landauer's principle, showing the strong link between transmitting information and energy. In the asymptotic regime, our results further provide thermodynamic meanings for the well-known Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland Theorem in quantum communication theory.
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