arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2201.12109cs.CL
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Protum:基于“[ MASK ]”的提示微调新方法

Protum: A New Method For Prompt Tuning Based on "[MASK]"

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(电子科技大学);Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, UESTC(电子科技大学深圳高等研究院);University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China(电子科技大学成都校区)

Pan He, Yuxi Chen, Yan Wang, Yanru Zhang

摘要:

近年来,提示微调\cite{lester2021power}逐渐成为自然语言处理的一种新范式,它通过冻结预先训练好的语言模型(PLM)的参数,仅依赖于单词的表示,从而在下游任务中获得出色的性能。在预训练过程中保持了MLM(Masked语言模型)\cite{devlin2018bert}任务的一致性,避免了微调过程中可能出现的问题。自然地,我们认为“[MASK]”标记比其他标记携带更多有用的信息,因为模型结合上下文来预测被屏蔽的标记。在现有的提示微调方法中,当预测多个单词时,会存在严重的随机组合问题,需要借助帮助动词化器将单词映射到标签上。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种新的基于“[ \textbf{M} ASK]”的\textbf{Pro} mpt \textbf{Tu} ning(\textbf{Protum})方法,该方法通过“[MASK]”标记的隐藏层所携带的信息构造分类任务,然后直接预测标签而不是答案标记.与此同时,我们探索了“[MASK]”下的不同隐藏层如何影响我们在许多不同数据集上的分类模型。最后,我们发现,我们的\textbf{Protum}可以实现更好的性能比微调后,连续的预训练,更少的时间消耗。我们的模型促进了NLP中大型模型的实际应用。

英文摘要:

Recently, prompt tuning \cite{lester2021power} has gradually become a new paradigm for NLP, which only depends on the representation of the words by freezing the parameters of pre-trained language models (PLMs) to obtain remarkable performance on downstream tasks. It maintains the consistency of Masked Language Model (MLM) \cite{devlin2018bert} task in the process of pre-training, and avoids some issues that may happened during fine-tuning. Naturally, we consider that the "[MASK]" tokens carry more useful information than other tokens because the model combines with context to predict the masked tokens. Among the current prompt tuning methods, there will be a serious problem of random composition of the answer tokens in prediction when they predict multiple words so that they have to map tokens to labels with the help verbalizer. In response to the above issue, we propose a new \textbf{Pro}mpt \textbf{Tu}ning based on "[\textbf{M}ASK]" (\textbf{Protum}) method in this paper, which constructs a classification task through the information carried by the hidden layer of "[MASK]" tokens and then predicts the labels directly rather than the answer tokens. At the same time, we explore how different hidden layers under "[MASK]" impact on our classification model on many different data sets. Finally, we find that our \textbf{Protum} can achieve much better performance than fine-tuning after continuous pre-training with less time consumption. Our model facilitates the practical application of large models in NLP.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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