中微子驱动的黑洞吸积流喷流的尾场加速
Wakefield Acceleration in a Jet from a Neutrino Driven Accretion Flow around a Black Hole
摘要：
研究了由中微子驱动的吸积流（NH_3）在黑洞（BH）周围喷流中产生的电磁波脉冲。NDAF是大质量吸积盘，其吸积率为$\dot{M}\approx 0.01 - 10 \mathrm{M}_\odot/\mathrm{s}$的恒星质量黑洞。这种极端的吸积可能会产生平行的相对论外流，就像活动星系核和微类星体中的磁驱动喷流一样。当我们考虑到强环向磁场和喷流上的磁脉冲时，我们发现它们导致了伽马射线暴和高能宇宙射线的发射。当阿尔夫文波脉冲由幕式巨大吸积产生时，它沿着喷流中的大尺度结构化磁场传播。一旦阿尔文波脉冲在欠密度条件下达到接近光速的速度，它就会变成电磁波脉冲，在它们后面产生等离子体尾流。这些尾流场施加与粒子运动同步的集体加速力。因此，尾流场加速产生了各种观测特征，例如来自加速电子的高能伽马射线的脉冲爆发，来自加速质子的中微子脉冲，以及最大能量超过$10^{20}~\mathrm{eV}$的质子。
英文摘要：
We have investigated electro-magnetic (EM) wave pulses in a jet from a neutrino driven accretion flow (NDAF) around a black hole (BH). NDAFs are massive accretion disks whose accretion rates of $\dot{M}\approx 0.01 - 10 \mathrm{M}_\odot/\mathrm{s}$ for stellar-mass BHs. Such an extreme accretion may produce a collimated relativistic outflow like a magnetically driven jet in active galactic nuclei and micro-quasars. When we consider strong toroidal magnetic field stranded in the inner-region of a NDAF disk and magnetic impulses on the jet, we find that they lead to the emanation of high energy emissions for gamma-ray bursts as well as high energy cosmic rays. When Alfvénic wave pulses are generated by episodic immense accretions, it propagates along the large-scale structured magnetic field in the jet. Once the Alfvénic wave pulses reach at nearly the speed of light in the underdense condition, it turns into EM wave pulses which produce plasma wakes behind them. These wakefields exert a collective accelerating force synchronous to the motion of particles. As a result, the wakefield acceleration premises various observational signatures, such as pulsating bursts of high energy gamma-rays from accelerated electrons, pulses of neutrinos from accelerated protons, and protons with maximum energies beyond $10^{20}~\mathrm{eV}$.
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