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arXiv 2201.11704astro-ph.HE
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长周期脉冲星作为超新星后退吸积的可能结果

Long-period Pulsars as Possible Outcomes of Supernova Fallback Accretion

Michele Ronchi, Nanda Rea, Vanessa Graber, Natasha Hurley-Walker

摘要:

在大约半个世纪的时间里,射电脉冲星群被观测到在~0.002- 12 s的范围内旋转,不同的脉冲星类别具有显著不同的旋转周期演化,这取决于它们的磁场或过去的吸积历史。最近对几颗缓慢旋转的脉冲星的探测重新开启了长期存在的精确物理和观测偏差问题,推动了脉冲星种群周期范围的上限。在这项工作中,我们进行了参数研究的自旋周期演化的超新星回落物质相互作用的恒星,特别是看回落吸积盘的情况。根据形成时的初始条件,这种演化可能与典型的偶极自旋下降有很大的不同,从而导致星的自旋周期比同时代的同行更长。通过对脉冲星的自旋周期和诞生时的磁场、初始回退吸积率以及磁场衰减的一般假设,我们发现,在强的类磁星磁场(>10^{14}G)和中等的初始回退吸积率(~10^{22-27} g s^{-1})的情况下,可以达到很长的自旋周期(> 100 s)。此外,我们还研究了最近发现的两个周期射电源,脉冲星PSR J 0901 -4046(P = 75.9s)和射电瞬变GLEAM-X\,J162759.5 -523504.3(P = 1091 s)。我们的结论是,超新星回落的情况下,可能是一个可行的渠道,以产生人口的长期孤立的恒星,只有最近的观测活动才开始揭开面纱。

英文摘要:

For about half a century the radio pulsar population was observed to spin in the ~0.002-12s range, with different pulsar classes having a spin-period evolution that differs substantially depending on their magnetic fields or past accretion history. The recent detection of several slowly rotating pulsars has re-opened the long-standing question of the exact physics, and observational biases, driving the upper bound of the period range of the pulsar population. In this work, we perform a parameter study of the spin-period evolution of pulsars interacting with supernova fallback matter and specifically look at the fallback accretion disk scenario. Depending on the initial conditions at formation, this evolution can differ substantially from the typical dipolar spin-down, resulting in pulsars that show spin periods longer than their coeval peers. By using general assumptions for the pulsar spin period and magnetic field at birth, initial fallback accretion rates and including magnetic field decay, we find that very long spin periods (>100s) can be reached in the presence of strong, magnetar-like magnetic fields (>10^{14}G) and moderate initial fallback accretion rates (~10^{22-27} g s^{-1}). In addition, we study the cases of two recently discovered periodic radio sources, the pulsar PSR J0901-4046 (P = 75.9 s) and the radio transient GLEAM-X\,J162759.5-523504.3 (P = 1091 s), in light of our model. We conclude that the supernova fallback scenario could represent a viable channel to produce a population of long-period isolated pulsars that only recent observation campaigns are starting to unveil.

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