准开普勒、差分旋转、自由边界实验室等离子体的特性表征
Characterization of Quasi-Keplerian, Differentially Rotating, Free-Boundary Laboratory Plasmas
AI总结：
本研究通过脉冲功率驱动无边界力的差分旋转等离子体实验，模拟天体物理盘和喷流，成功生成最大旋转速度23±3 km/s、准开普勒分布的亚声速喷流，为相关天体物理现象提供了实验参考。
摘要：
我们展示了由脉冲功率驱动的差分旋转等离子体实验结果，该实验旨在模拟与天体物理盘和喷流相关的物理过程。在这些实验中，角动量由丝阵Z箍缩产生的烧蚀流的冲压注入。与先前的液态金属和等离子体实验不同，其旋转并非由边界力驱动。轴向压力梯度向上发射旋转等离子体喷流，该喷流由周围等离子体晕的冲压、热压和磁压组合约束。喷流具有亚声速旋转，最大旋转速度为 $23 \pm 3$ km/s。旋转速度分布为准开普勒分布，具有正的瑞利判别 $κ^2 \propto r^{-2.8\pm0.8}$ rad$^2$/s$^2$。在实验时间范围内（$\sim 150$ ns），等离子体完成 $0.5 - 2$ 圈完整旋转。
英文摘要：
We present results from pulsed-power driven differentially rotating plasma experiments designed to simulate physics relevant to astrophysical disks and jets. In these experiments, angular momentum is injected by the ram pressure of the ablation flows from a wire array Z pinch. In contrast to previous liquid metal and plasma experiments, rotation is not driven by boundary forces. Axial pressure gradients launch a rotating plasma jet upwards, which is confined by a combination of ram, thermal, and magnetic pressure of a surrounding plasma halo. The jet has subsonic rotation, with a maximum rotation velocity $23 \pm 3$ km/s. The rotational velocity profile is quasi-Keplerian with a positive Rayleigh discriminant $κ^2 \propto r^{-2.8\pm0.8}$ rad$^2$/s$^2$. The plasma completes $0.5 - 2$ full rotations in the experimental time frame ($\sim 150$ ns).
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