一个代际问题：公私伙伴关系引起的公平问题。未来几代人社会贴现率选择的关键方面
An Intergenerational Issue: The Equity Issues due to Public-Private Partnerships. The Critical Aspect of the Social Discount Rate Choice for Future Generations
摘要：
本文研究了社会贴现率（SDR）的选择对公私合作（PPP）项目引起的代际公平问题的影响。事实上，更多的购买力平价意味着为后代积累更多的债务，导致财政赤字危机。本文借鉴了当今采用的SDR水平如何在社会福利函数（SDR）上分配社会。这是通过回答两个分问题来做到的：（一）公私伙伴关系债务在资产负债表之外的风险是什么？(ii)公共政策如何根据所设想的特别提款权，在不同的道德观点中定位社会？答案是从讨论不同的SDR（应用在英国的例子）根据相关的道德理论，即自由主义，平等主义，功利主义和罗尔斯的优点。我们发现，公共政策制定者可以操纵特别提款权，使PPP看起来像一个比传统的融资形式更好的选择。然而，这违背了货币价值原则。我们还指出，公共政策是不协调的伦理理论。我们发现，目前（在英国），SDR在权衡曲线上介于加权功利主义和罗尔斯社会之间。唉，我们的研究发现，没有证据表明（英国）政府正在使用一个复杂的系统来跟上累积的资产负债表外债务。因此，由于不确定性因素，很难准确预测最终状态。我们的结论是，我们的研究希望提供了一个很好的分析框架，政策制定者，以借鉴道德理论的优点，在启动公共政策，如公私伙伴关系。
英文摘要：
This paper investigates the impact of Social Discount Rate (SDR) choice on intergenerational equity issues caused by Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) projects. Indeed, more PPPs mean more debt being accumulated for future generations leading to a fiscal deficit crisis. The paper draws on how the SDR level taken today distributes societies on the Social Welfare Function (SWF). This is done by answering two sub-questions: (i) What is the risk of PPPs debts being off-balance sheet? (ii) How do public policies, based on the envisaged SDR, position society within different ethical perspectives? The answers are obtained from a discussion of the different SDRs (applied in the UK for examples) according to the merits of the pertinent ethical theories, namely libertarian, egalitarian, utilitarian and Rawlsian. We find that public policymakers can manipulate the SDR to make PPPs looking like a better option than the traditional financing form. However, this antagonises the Value for Money principle. We also point out that public policy is not harmonised with ethical theories. We find that at present (in the UK), the SDR is somewhere between weighted utilitarian and Rawlsian societies in the trade-off curve. Alas, our study finds no evidence that the (UK) government is using a sophisticated system to keep pace with the accumulated off-balance sheet debts. Thus, the exact prediction of the final state is hardly made because of the uncertainty factor. We conclude that our study hopefully provides a good analytical framework for policymakers in order to draw on the merits of ethical theories before initiating public policies like PPPs.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
