一种产生前后侧、高分辨率、微观结构相关的SEM-DIC应变场的纳米力学测试框架
A Nanomechanical Testing Framework Yielding Front&Rear-Sided, High-Resolution, Microstructure-Correlated SEM-DIC Strain Fields
摘要：
具有改进的机械性能的新型多相合金的持续开发需要对纳米级变形机制进行定量的微观结构分辨观察，例如，多相界面这就需要一种超越先进测试方法的组合方法，如对散装材料进行微尺度应变测绘和对单个晶粒进行微米级变形测试。我们提出了一个纳米机械测试框架，该框架经过精心设计，集成了几种最先进的测试和表征方法：（i）对精心挑选和隔离的多相样品进行定义明确的纳米拉伸测试，（ii）通过最近开发的InSn纳米DIC散斑图案，结合前后侧原位SEM-DIC测试的前后侧SEM-EBSD微观结构表征，（iii）通过应用SEM扫描伪影校正和DIC去卷积来辅助优化DIC应变映射，以提高空间分辨率，（iv）新颖的微结构-应变对准框架，以提供前侧和后侧、纳米级、微结构分辨的应变场，以及（v）变形配置中的微结构、应变和SEM-BSE损伤图的直接比较。在一个微米级的双相钢试样上的演示，包含一个不相容的铁素体-马氏体界面，展示了如何解开纳米级的变形机制。离散的板条边界对齐的马氏体应变局部化过渡到扩散铁素体塑性的界面，揭示了纳米级的正面和背面的微观结构应变对齐和DIC相关性的优化。所提出的框架产生了前后对齐的微观结构和应变场，提供了变形的3D解释，并为先进的多相模拟的前所未有的验证提供了新的机会。
英文摘要：
The continuous development of new multiphase alloys with improved mechanical properties requires quantitative microstructure-resolved observation of the nanoscale deformation mechanisms at, e.g., multiphase interfaces. This calls for a combinatory approach beyond advanced testing methods such as microscale strain mapping on bulk material and micrometer sized deformation tests of single grains. We propose a nanomechanical testing framework that has been carefully designed to integrate several state-of-the-art testing and characterization methods: (i) well-defined nano-tensile testing of carefully selected and isolated multiphase specimens, (ii) front&rear-sided SEM-EBSD microstructural characterization combined with front&rear-sided in-situ SEM-DIC testing at very high resolution enabled by a recently developed InSn nano-DIC speckle pattern, (iii) optimized DIC strain mapping aided by application of SEM scanning artefact correction and DIC deconvolution for improved spatial resolution, (iv) a novel microstructure-to-strain alignment framework to deliver front&rear-sided, nanoscale, microstructure-resolved strain fields, and (v) direct comparison of microstructure, strain and SEM-BSE damage maps in the deformed configuration. Demonstration on a micrometer-sized dual-phase steel specimen, containing an incompatible ferrite-martensite interface, shows how the nanoscale deformation mechanisms can be unraveled. Discrete lath-boundary-aligned martensite strain localizations transit over the interface into diffuse ferrite plasticity, revealed by the nanoscale front&rear-sided microstructure-to-strain alignment and optimization of DIC correlations. The proposed framework yields front&rear-sided aligned microstructure and strain fields providing 3D interpretation of the deformation and opening new opportunities for unprecedented validation of advanced multiphase simulations.
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