对存储效应的启发式理解
Towards a heuristic understanding of the storage effect
摘要：
存储效应是对可变环境中共存的一般解释。储存效应的普遍性既是一种优势--它可以在许多系统中量化--也是一种挑战--储存效应的抽象条件与物种的生活史特征之间没有明确的关系（例如，休眠，阶段结构，非重叠世代），从而排除了一个简单的生态学解释的存储效果。我们在这里的目标是提供一个更清晰的理解存储效应的条件，作为一个更好的一般性解释在一个可变的环境中共存的一步。我们的方法侧重于将存储效应的关键条件之一，环境和竞争之间的协方差，分为两部分，即环境和竞争之间必须有因果关系，以及环境的影响不会变化太快。这个更细粒度的定义可以解释以前的一些结果，包括1）当发芽率波动时，存储效应促进一年生植物共存，但当种子产量波动时，存储效应不促进一年生植物共存，2）存储效应更可能是由资源竞争引起的，而不是表观竞争，3）空间存储效应比时间存储效应更可能。此外，我们扩展的定义提出了两种新的机制，通过这种机制可以产生时间存储效应：跨代可塑性和环境变量的因果链。这些机制通过存储效应产生共存，而不需要任何阶段结构或时间自相关环境。
英文摘要：
The storage effect is a general explanation for coexistence in a variable environment. The generality of the storage effect is both a strength - it can be quantified in many systems - and a challenge - there is not a clear relationship between the abstract conditions for storage effect and species' life-history traits (e.g., dormancy, stage-structure, non-overlapping generations), thus precluding a simple ecological interpretation of the storage effect. Our goal here is to provide a clearer understanding of the conditions for the storage effect as a step towards a better general explanation for coexistence in a variable environment. Our approach focuses on dividing one of the key conditions for the storage effect, covariance between environment and competition, into two pieces, namely that there must be a causal relationship between environment and competition, and that the effects of the environment do not change too quickly. This finer-grained definition can explain a number of previous results, including 1) that the storage effect promotes annual plant coexistence when the germination rate fluctuates, but not when the seed yield fluctuates, 2) that the storage effect is more likely to be induced by resource competition than apparent competition, and 3) that the spatial storage effect is more probable than the temporal storage effect. Additionally, our expanded definition suggests two novel mechanisms by which the temporal storage effect can arise: transgenerational plasticity, and causal chains of environmental variables. These mechanisms produce coexistence via the storage effect without any need for stage structure or a temporally autocorrelated environment.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
