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arXiv 2201.06431astro-ph.CO
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在估算原始氦丰度的背景下确定HII区域金属丰度

Determination of HII region metallicity in the context of estimating the primordial helium abundance

O. A. Kurichin, P. A. Kislitsyn, A. V. Ivanchik

摘要:

原始$^4$ He丰度(Y $_p$)是大爆炸后最初几分钟内发生的原始核合成过程的关键特征之一。它的值取决于重子/光子比$η\equiv n_b/n_γ$,也对影响辐射主导时代宇宙膨胀速率的相对论自由度敏感。测定Y $_p$最常用的方法是研究位于蓝色致密矮星系(BCD)中的缺金属HII区。本文详细讨论了在Y $_p$分析中确定HII区金属丰度的各种方法。我们发现,在方法中使用的一些程序导致金属丰度估计和低估其不确定性的偏见。我们提出了一种改进的方法,金属丰度的测定,以及一个额外的标准选择对象。我们已经选择了69个对象(26个对象具有高质量的光谱从HeBCD + NIR数据库和43个对象从SDSS目录),我们估计Y和O/H使用所提出的方法。我们估计了Y $_p=0.2470\pm0.0020$,这是迄今为止获得的最准确的估计之一。它与原始核合成数值模拟结果得到的Y值$_p=0.2470\pm0.0002$和从CMB各向异性分析(普朗克任务)中得到的$Ω_b$值进行比较,是研究标准宇宙学模型自洽性的重要工具(这些估计之间可能存在的差异可能是新物理学的指标)。所提出的方法的应用允许人们更正确地估计Y $_p$和斜率$d$ Y/$d$(O/H)。进一步分析SDSS目录中的数据可以显著增加回归分析对象的统计数据,这反过来又可以改进Y $_p$估计值。

英文摘要:

The primordial $^4$He abundance (Y$_p$) is one of the key characteristics of Primordial Nucleosynthesis processes that occurred in the first minutes after the Big Bang. Its value depends on the baryon/photon ratio $η\equiv n_b/n_γ$, and is also sensitive to the relativistic degrees of freedom which affect the expansion rate of the Universe at the radiation-dominated era. The most used method of the determination of Y$_p$ is the study of the metal deficient HII regions located in blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs). In this paper, we discuss in detail various methods of the determination of HII region metallicity in the context of Y$_p$ analyses. We show that some procedures used in the methods lead to biases in the metallicity estimates and underestimation of their uncertainties. We propose a modified method for the metallicity determination, as well as an additional criterion for selecting objects. We have selected 69 objects (26 objects with high quality spectra from the HeBCD+NIR database and 43 objects from the SDSS catalog), for which we estimate Y and O/H using the proposed method. We have estimated Y$_p=0.2470\pm0.0020$ which is one of the most accurate estimates obtained up to date. Its comparison with the value Y$_p=0.2470\pm0.0002$ obtained as a result of numerical modelling of Primordial Nucleosynthesis with the value of $Ω_b$ taken from the analysis of the CMB anisotropy (Planck mission), is an important tool for studying the self-consistency of the Standard cosmological model (a possible discrepancy between these estimates could be an indicator of a new physics). The application of the proposed method allows one to more correctly estimate Y$_p$ and the slope $d$Y/$d$(O/H). Further analysis of the data from the SDSS catalog can significantly increase the statistics of objects for the regression analysis, which in turn can refine the Y$_p$ estimate.

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