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arXiv 2201.06317cs.NEcs.AIcs.RO
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基于语言模型的配对变分自编码器用于机器人语言学习

Language Model-Based Paired Variational Autoencoders for Robotic Language Learning

University of Hamburg(汉堡大学)

Ozan Özdemir, Matthias Kerzel, Cornelius Weber, Jae Hee Lee, Stefan Wermter

AI总结:

本文提出PVAE-BERT模型,将配对变分自编码器与预训练语言模型BERT结合,使机器人能够理解无限变化的自然语言动作描述,从而将语言学习从预定义描述扩展到真实人类指令场景。

摘要:

人类婴儿在与环境互动的过程中学习语言,照护者可能会描述他们所执行的对象和动作。与人类婴儿类似,人工智能体也可以在与环境互动时学习语言。在本工作中,首先,我们提出了一个神经模型,该模型在一个简单的对象操作场景中双向绑定机器人动作及其语言描述。在我们先前提出的配对变分自编码器(PVAE)模型的基础上,我们通过使用不同颜色的立方体进行实验,并支持生成替代词汇表,证明了变分自编码器相对于标准自编码器的优越性。进一步的实验表明,该模型的通道分离视觉特征提取模块能够应对不同形状的对象。接下来,我们引入了PVAE-BERT,它为模型配备了一个预训练的大规模语言模型,即来自Transformers的双向编码器表示(BERT),使模型不仅能够理解网络训练时使用的预定义描述;随着模型能够理解同一描述的无限变化形式,动作描述的识别能力泛化到不受约束的自然语言。我们的实验表明,使用预训练语言模型作为语言编码器,使得我们的方法能够扩展到具有人类用户指令的真实世界场景。

英文摘要:

Human infants learn language while interacting with their environment in which their caregivers may describe the objects and actions they perform. Similar to human infants, artificial agents can learn language while interacting with their environment. In this work, first, we present a neural model that bidirectionally binds robot actions and their language descriptions in a simple object manipulation scenario. Building on our previous Paired Variational Autoencoders (PVAE) model, we demonstrate the superiority of the variational autoencoder over standard autoencoders by experimenting with cubes of different colours, and by enabling the production of alternative vocabularies. Additional experiments show that the model's channel-separated visual feature extraction module can cope with objects of different shapes. Next, we introduce PVAE-BERT, which equips the model with a pretrained large-scale language model, i.e., Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), enabling the model to go beyond comprehending only the predefined descriptions that the network has been trained on; the recognition of action descriptions generalises to unconstrained natural language as the model becomes capable of understanding unlimited variations of the same descriptions. Our experiments suggest that using a pretrained language model as the language encoder allows our approach to scale up for real-world scenarios with instructions from human users.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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