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arXiv 2201.05492astro-ph.SR
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F-G-K星中Ca和H $α$色球发射之间的关系:恒星细丝的指示?

Relationship between Ca and H$α$ chromospheric emission in F-G-K stars: indication of stellar filaments?

N. Meunier, M. Kretzschmar, R. Gravet, L. Mignon, X Delfosse

摘要:

在太阳型恒星中,H $α$和Ca II色球层发射之间的关系不同。特别是,这两条谱线的时间序列对于百分之几的恒星来说明显是反相关的,与太阳上观察到的相反。我们的目标是使用补充标准更详细地描述这些关系,并限制解释观测所必需的细丝和谱斑的性质。我们分析了441颗F-G-K星的H $α$和Ca II发射的平均水平和变化,特别注意它们在短和长时间尺度上的(反)相关性。我们还计算了合成H $α$和钙II时间序列的不同假设的plage和细丝的属性,并将它们与观察。我们没有能够找到谱斑的性质,单独,是足以重现的意见,在所有的时间尺度同时,即使允许不同的H $α$和钙II的排放关系,为不同的恒星。我们还详细说明了这两个指数的平均活动水平之间的复杂和令人惊讶的关系,特别是对于低活动的恒星,我们得出结论,plages单独不太可能解释所观察到的各种Ca II和H $α$发射之间的关系,以及其他现象,如细丝的存在可能有助于调和模型与观测。

英文摘要:

Different relationships between the H$α$ and Ca II chromospheric emissions have been reported in solar-type stars. In particular, the time-series of emissions in these two lines are clearly anti-correlated for a few percent of the stars, contrary to what is observed on the Sun. Our objective is to characterise these relationships in more detail using complementary criteria, and to constrain the properties of filaments and plages that are necessary to explain the observations. We analysed the average level and variability of the H$α$ and Ca II emission for 441 F-G-K stars, paying particular attention to their (anti-)correlations on both short and long timescales. We also computed synthetic H$α$ and Ca II time-series for different assumptions of plage and filament properties and compared them with the observations. We were not able to find plage properties that, alone, are sufficient to reproduce the observations at all timescales simultaneously, even when allowing different H$α$ and Ca II emission relationships for different stars. We also specified the complex and surprising relationship between the average activity levels of both indexes, in particular for low-activity stars.We conclude that plages alone are unlikely to explain the observed variety of relationships between Ca II and H$α$ emission, and that the presence of other phenomena like filaments may help to reconcile the models with observations.

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