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arXiv 2201.05171astro-ph.COhep-ph
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暴胀引发一级相变的引力波

Gravitational Waves from an Inflation Triggered First-Order Phase Transition

Haipeng An, Kun-Feng Lyu, Lian-Tao Wang, Siyi Zhou

备注：
48 pages, 15 figures, consistent with JHEP version
发表信息：
JHEP06(2022)050
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摘要：

暴胀子场的大幅度漂移可以引发有趣的动力学。一个重要的例子是一个一阶相变在观众部门耦合到暴胀。在暴胀过程中，来自这种一阶相变的引力波（GW）是瞬时源的一个例子，具有振荡特征。在这项工作中，我们表明，这种功能是通用的源在加速扩张的时代。我们还表明，GW信号的形状包含有关早期宇宙的相变后的演化信息。特别是，GW光谱的红外部分的斜率是敏感的哈勃参数的演变时，GW模式重新进入视界后，通货膨胀。GW光谱的中间振荡部分和紫外部分的轮廓的斜率取决于哈勃参数的演化，当模式在膨胀期间退出视界时，当它们在再加热期间重新进入视界时。紫外光谱还取决于相变动力学的细节。我们认为GW信号在几个模型的演变过程中和之后的通货膨胀，并将它们与准德西特通货膨胀的最小情况下，然后由辐射统治后，快速再加热，并证明GW的形状可以用来区分它们。通过这种方式，本文考虑的GW信号提供了一个强有力的探针，否则难以直接通过CMB，大尺度结构，大爆炸核合成（BBN），和其他研究良好的宇宙学观测值探索早期宇宙的动力学。

英文摘要：

Large excursion of the inflaton field can trigger interesting dynamics. One important example is a first-order phase transition in a spectator sector which couples to the inflaton. Gravitational waves (GWs) from such a first-order phase transition during inflation, an example of an instantaneous source, have an oscillatory feature. In this work, we show that this feature is generic for a source in an era of accelerated expansion. We also demonstrate that the shape of the GW signal contains information about the evolution of the early universe following the phase transition. In particular, the slope of the infrared part of the GW spectrum is sensitive to the evolution of the Hubble parameter when the GW modes reenter the horizon after inflation. The slope of the profile of the intermediate oscillatory part and the ultraviolet part of the GW spectrum depend on the evolution of the Hubble parameter when the modes exit horizon during the inflation and when they reenter the horizon during the reheating. The ultraviolet spectrum also depends on the details of the dynamics of the phase transition. We consider the GW signal in several models of evolution during and after inflation, and compare them with the minimal scenario of quasi-de Sitter inflation followed by radiation domination after a fast reheating, and demonstrate that the shape of the GW can be used to distinguish them. In this way, the GW signal considered in this paper offers a powerful probe to the dynamics of the early universe which is otherwise difficult to explore directly through CMB, large scale structure, big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), and other well-studied cosmological observables.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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