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arXiv 2201.05121cs.CV

STEdge:多层教学与正则化的自训练边缘检测

STEdge: Self-training Edge Detection with Multi-layer Teaching and Regularization

National University of Defense Technology(国防科技大学)

Yunfan Ye, Renjiao Yi, Zhiping Cai, Kai Xu

AI总结:

本文提出STEdge自训练边缘检测框架,通过多层一致性正则化、L0平滑扰动和Canny初始化的伪标签自教学,在无标注数据上实现精确率与召回率的平衡,显著超越监督方法并具备强跨数据集泛化能力。

摘要:

基于学习的边缘检测迄今为止一直依赖于逐像素标注的强监督,而这类标注的人工获取十分繁琐。本文研究自训练边缘检测问题,旨在利用大规模无标注图像数据集中尚未开发的丰富资源。我们设计了一个具有多层正则化和自教学机制的自监督框架。具体而言,我们施加一致性正则化,要求多个层中每一层的输出在输入图像及其扰动版本之间保持一致。我们采用L0平滑作为“扰动”,以鼓励边缘预测落在显著边界上,这遵循了自监督学习中的聚类假设。同时,网络通过伪标签进行多层监督训练,伪标签初始由Canny边缘生成,并在训练过程中由网络迭代细化。正则化与自教学共同实现了精确率与召回率的良好平衡,在目标数据集上仅需轻量级细化即可显著超越监督方法。此外,我们的方法展现出很强的跨数据集泛化能力。例如,在未见过的BIPED数据集上测试时,与最先进方法相比,ODS指标提升了4.8%,OIS指标提升了5.8%。

英文摘要:

Learning-based edge detection has hereunto been strongly supervised with pixel-wise annotations which are tedious to obtain manually. We study the problem of self-training edge detection, leveraging the untapped wealth of large-scale unlabeled image datasets. We design a self-supervised framework with multi-layer regularization and self-teaching. In particular, we impose a consistency regularization which enforces the outputs from each of the multiple layers to be consistent for the input image and its perturbed counterpart. We adopt L0-smoothing as the 'perturbation' to encourage edge prediction lying on salient boundaries following the cluster assumption in self-supervised learning. Meanwhile, the network is trained with multi-layer supervision by pseudo labels which are initialized with Canny edges and then iteratively refined by the network as the training proceeds. The regularization and self-teaching together attain a good balance of precision and recall, leading to a significant performance boost over supervised methods, with lightweight refinement on the target dataset. Furthermore, our method demonstrates strong cross-dataset generality. For example, it attains 4.8% improvement for ODS and 5.8% for OIS when tested on the unseen BIPED dataset, compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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