一种有效的纳米孔蒸发模型的矩量法
An Efficient Moment Method for Modelling Nanoporous Evaporation
摘要：
基于薄膜的纳米多孔膜技术利用蒸发来有效地冷却微米级和纳米级电子器件。在这些尺度下，当区域尺寸变得与蒸汽中的平均自由程相当时，传统的宏观方法如Navier-Stokes-Fourier（NSF）方程变得不那么准确，并且需要使用高阶矩方法。两个高阶矩方程被认为是梯度13和正则化13方程的线性化版本。这些被施加到纳米多孔蒸发的问题，和结果相比，NSF方法和直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法（即玻尔兹曼方程的解决方案）。线性和非线性版本的边界条件进行检查，后者提供了改进的结果，在一点额外的计算费用，相比的线性形式。其结果是一种同时精确和计算效率高的方法，可以在纳米级提供模拟设计能力。
英文摘要：
Thin-film-based nanoporous membrane technologies exploit evaporation to efficiently cool microscale and nanoscale electronic devices. At these scales, when domain sizes become comparable to the mean free path in the vapour, traditional macroscopic approaches such as the Navier-Stokes-Fourier (NSF) equations become less accurate, and the use of higher-order moment methods is called for. Two higher-order moment equations are considered; the linearised versions of the Grad 13 and Regularised 13 equations. These are applied to the problem of nanoporous evaporation, and results are compared to the NSF method and the method of direct simulation Monte Carlo (i.e. solutions to the Boltzmann equations). Linear and non-linear versions of the boundary conditions are examined, with the latter providing improved results, at little additional computational expense, compared to the linear form. The outcome is a simultaneously accurate and computationally efficient method, which can provide simulation-for-design capabilities at the nanoscale.
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