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arXiv 2201.04449cs.LG
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时间序列数据的域内和跨域迁移学习--特征的可迁移性如何?

Intra-domain and cross-domain transfer learning for time series data -- How transferable are the features?

University of Rijeka(里耶卡大学);Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia(国家地球物理与火山研究所);Roma Tre University(罗马第三大学);Center for Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity, University of Rijeka(里耶卡大学人工智能与网络安全中心)

Erik Otović, Marko Njirjak, Dario Jozinović, Goran Mauša, Alberto Michelini, Ivan Štajduhar

摘要:

在实践中,收集足够大的标记数据的数据集以成功地训练机器学习模型是非常苛刻的,有时是不可能的,并且这个问题的一个可能的解决方案是迁移学习。本研究的目的是评估如何转移的时间序列数据的不同领域之间的功能,以及在何种条件下。迁移学习的效果观察的预测性能的模型和它们的收敛速度在训练过程中。在我们的实验中,我们使用1,500和9,000个数据实例的简化数据集来模拟真实世界的条件。使用相同的缩小数据集,我们训练了两组机器学习模型:使用迁移学习训练的模型和从头开始训练的模型。四个机器学习模型被用于实验。知识转让是在同一应用领域(地震学)内进行的,也是在相互不同的应用领域(地震学、语言、医学、金融)之间进行的。我们观察了模型的预测性能和训练过程中的收敛速度。为了确认所获得的结果的有效性,我们重复了七次实验,并应用统计检验来确认结果的显著性。我们研究的一般结论是,迁移学习很可能增加或不负面影响模型的预测性能或其收敛速度。对收集到的数据进行更详细的分析,以确定哪些来源和目标领域适合知识转让。我们还分析了目标数据集大小和模型及其超参数的选择对迁移学习效果的影响。

英文摘要:

In practice, it is very demanding and sometimes impossible to collect datasets of tagged data large enough to successfully train a machine learning model, and one possible solution to this problem is transfer learning. This study aims to assess how transferable are the features between different domains of time series data and under which conditions. The effects of transfer learning are observed in terms of predictive performance of the models and their convergence rate during training. In our experiment, we use reduced data sets of 1,500 and 9,000 data instances to mimic real world conditions. Using the same scaled-down datasets, we trained two sets of machine learning models: those that were trained with transfer learning and those that were trained from scratch. Four machine learning models were used for the experiment. Transfer of knowledge was performed within the same domain of application (seismology), as well as between mutually different domains of application (seismology, speech, medicine, finance). We observe the predictive performance of the models and the convergence rate during the training. In order to confirm the validity of the obtained results, we repeated the experiments seven times and applied statistical tests to confirm the significance of the results. The general conclusion of our study is that transfer learning is very likely to either increase or not negatively affect the predictive performance of the model or its convergence rate. The collected data is analysed in more details to determine which source and target domains are compatible for transfer of knowledge. We also analyse the effect of target dataset size and the selection of model and its hyperparameters on the effects of transfer learning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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