从延时共聚焦激光扫描显微镜推断细菌在生物膜基质中游动的特征
Inferring characteristics of bacterial swimming in biofilm matrix from time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy
摘要：
生物膜是微生物在空间上有序分布的菌落，它们嵌入在自生基质中，赋予微生物群落对环境胁迫的抵抗力。已观察到游动细菌在致病性外源宿主生物膜的基质中游动。这一观察结果为有害生物膜生物防治开辟了新的有希望的途径：这些细菌游泳者增强生物膜血管化以进行化学处理，或者可以通过微生物搭便车或局部合成来递送生物防治剂。% \cite{muok2021microbial,yu2020hitchhiking,samad2017swimming}。因此，在生物膜基质中的游泳者的轨迹特征是特别感兴趣的理解和优化其biocontrol.In这项研究中，开发了一种新的方法来分析延时共聚焦激光扫描图像来描述和比较细菌游泳者种群的游泳轨迹和它们对生物膜结构的适应。该方法是基于推断的动力学模型的游泳人口，包括机械与宿主生物膜的相互作用。在对合成数据进行验证之后，对在金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜中游动的三种不同的能动芽孢杆菌物种的图像实施该方法。拟合模型允许通过游泳行为对游泳者群体进行分层，并提供了对微游泳者部署的机制的见解，以使其游泳特性适应生物膜基质。
英文摘要：
Biofilms are spatially organized microorganism colonies embedded in a self-produced matrix, conferring to the microbial community resistance to environmental stresses. Motile bacteria have been observed swimming in the matrix of pathogenic exogeneous host biofilms. This observation opened new promising routes for deleterious biofilms biocontrol: these bacterial swimmers enhance biofilm vascularization for chemical treatment or could deliver biocontrol agent by microbial hitchhiking or local synthesis. %\cite{muok2021microbial,yu2020hitchhiking,samad2017swimming}. Hence, characterizing swimmer trajectories in the biofilm matrix is of particular interest to understand and optimize its biocontrol.In this study, a new methodology is developed to analyze time-lapse confocal laser scanning images to describe and compare the swimming trajectories of bacterial swimmers populations and their adaptations to the biofilm structure. The method is based on the inference of a kinetic model of swimmer population including mechanistic interactions with the host biofilm. After validation on synthetic data, the methodology is implemented on images of three different motile {Bacillus species swimming in a Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. The fitted model allows to stratify the swimmer populations by their swimming behavior and provides insights into the mechanisms deployed by the micro-swimmers to adapt their swimming traits to the biofilm matrix.
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