公交车扎堆能减少等候时间吗？
Can bus bunching reduce waiting time?
摘要：
公共汽车群聚表面上被认为是公共汽车系统中的一种有害现象。我们研究了一个有两个公交车站的公交环路，一个是普通公交车站，一个是尖峰公交车站，在这个公交环路中，密集的公交车可以胜过交错的公交车。尖峰巴士站模拟连接到训练或地铁服务的巴士站，其中乘客以周期性间隔（尖峰）成群到达。我们介绍了同步集束总线的配置，其中集束总线等待需求的峰值。对于广泛的参数，同步集束公交车在最大限度地减少通勤者的等待时间方面优于完全交错公交车。我们提出了一个分析公式的平均等待时间的情况下，集束巴士，同步集束巴士和完全交错巴士考虑不同的乘客需求，巴士的数量和巴士容量。我们证明了我们的分析结果的有效性，通过基于代理的模拟总线环路系统。
英文摘要：
Bus bunching is ostensibly regarded as a detrimental phenomenon in bus systems. We study a bus loop with two bus stops, one regular and one spike bus stop, where bunched buses can outperform staggered buses. The spike bus stop models a bus stop connected to a train or metro service, where passengers arrive in groups at periodic intervals (spikes). We introduce the configuration of synchronised bunched buses, where bunched buses wait for the spike in demand. For a wide range of parameters, synchronised bunched buses outperform perfectly staggered buses in terms of minimising the waiting time of commuters. We present an analytical formulation of the average waiting time in the case of bunched buses, synchronised bunched buses and perfectly staggered buses with the consideration of different passenger demand, number of buses, and bus capacity. We demonstrate the validity of our analytical results through an agent-based simulation of the bus loop system.
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