元素钚赝隙
Pseudogap in elemental plutonium
摘要：
与初始磁性相关的电子相关性一直被认为是稳定钚的最大原子体积$δ$相的重要因素，但它们与元素周期表中稀土和邻近锕系元素的强度相比，在很大程度上仍然是一个谜。我们在这里使用量热测量，连同先前的声子色散的详细测量，$δ$相的$5f$电子驻留在赝能隙状态，伴随着各种物理性质的降低低于特征温度$T^\ast\approx$ ~100 K。赝能隙态的小特征能量尺度意味着钚中的$5f$电子比最先进的电子结构理论所建议的更接近局域化和磁序的阈值，揭示了钚可以说是最强相关的元素。
英文摘要：
Electronic correlations associated with incipient magnetism have long been recognized as an important factor in stabilizing the largest atomic volume $δ$ phase of plutonium, yet their strength compared to those in the rare earths and neighboring actinides in the Periodic Table has largely remained a mystery. We show here using calorimetry measurements, together with prior detailed measurements of the phonon dispersion, that the $5f$ electrons of the $δ$ phase reside in a pseudogapped state, accompanied by reductions in various physical properties below a characteristic temperature $T^\ast\approx$~100~K. The small characteristic energy scale of the pseudogapped state implies that the $5f$ electrons in plutonium are much closer to the threshold for localization and magnetic order than has been suggested by state-of-the-art electronic structure theory, revealing plutonium to be arguably the most strongly correlated of the elements.
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