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arXiv 2201.01736cond-mat.softmath-phmath.MPphysics.chem-ph
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三维近晶相液晶中近晶晶界和四次向错线的拓扑精细结构

Topological fine structure of smectic grain boundaries and tetratic disclination lines within three-dimensional smectic liquid crystals

Paul A. Monderkamp, René Wittmann, Michael te Vrugt, Axel Voigt, Raphael Wittkowski, Hartmut Löwen

摘要:

观察和表征受外部约束的液晶的复杂有序现象对化学家和物理学家都构成了持续的挑战。为了阐明当近晶相液晶的内在位置顺序开始发挥作用时出现的微妙平衡,我们进行了蒙特卡罗模拟的棒状粒子在一系列腔与圆柱对称。基于最近的见解近晶取向晶界的拓扑结构在两个维度上,我们分析了新兴的三维缺陷结构的四次对称的角度。使用一个适当的三维四次序参数构造的Steinhardt序参量,我们表明,这些晶界可以被解释为一对四次向错线,位于边缘上的晶畴边界。因此,我们揭示了三维受限近晶晶界的精细结构。

英文摘要:

Observing and characterizing the complex ordering phenomena of liquid crystals subjected to external constraints constitutes an ongoing challenge for chemists and physicists alike. To elucidate the delicate balance appearing when the intrinsic positional order of smectic liquid crystals comes into play, we perform Monte-Carlo simulations of rod-like particles in a range of cavities with a cylindrical symmetry. Based on recent insights into the topology of smectic orientational grain boundaries in two dimensions, we analyze the emerging three-dimensional defect structures from the perspective of tetratic symmetry. Using an appropriate three-dimensional tetratic order parameter constructed from the Steinhardt order parameters, we show that those grain boundaries can be interpreted as a pair of tetratic disclination lines that are located on the edges of the nematic domain boundary. Thereby, we shed light on the fine structure of grain boundaries in three-dimensional confined smectics.

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