行星地球类似物图书馆项目：3。用MicrOmega表征样品
Planetary Terrestrial Analogues Library Project: 3. Characterization of Samples with MicrOmega
摘要：
PTAL（行星地球类似物库）项目旨在建立和利用一个涉及多种分析技术的数据库，以帮助描述从火星开始的陆地天体的矿物学演变。从选定的地点收集了大约100个天然地球岩石样本，以收集火星地质的各种类似物，从火山到沉积起源，具有不同程度的蚀变。所有样品都将在PTAL项目内用不同的矿物学和元素分析技术进行表征，包括在火星表面实际和未来仪器上采用的技术（近红外光谱、拉曼光谱和激光诱导击穿光谱）。本文介绍了ExoMars MicrOmega备用仪器获得的近红外测量和解释。MicrOmega是一种近红外高光谱显微镜，安装在ExoMars漫游者Rosalind Franklin的分析实验室中。所有PTAL样品均已使用专用装置用MicrOmega观察至少一次。对于所有PTAL样品，提供了数据描述和解释。对于一些选定的例子，RGB图像和光谱提出了一个很好的。通过近红外光谱和拉曼光谱表征的比较进行了讨论的一些样品。特别是，MicrOmega的光谱成像能力允许检测矿物成分和潜在的有机分子，这是其他单点技术无法实现的。此外，它能够估计各种矿物物种的空间分布的不均匀性。MicrOmega/PTAL数据应支持MicrOmega/Rosalind Franklin仪器进行的未来观察和分析。
英文摘要：
The PTAL (Planetary Terrestrial Analogues Library) project aims at building and exploiting a database involving several analytical techniques, to help characterizing the mineralogical evolution of terrestrial bodies, starting with Mars. Around 100 natural Earth rock samples have been collected from selected locations to gather a variety of analogues for Martian geology, from volcanic to sedimentary origin with different levels of alteration. All samples are to be characterized within the PTAL project with different mineralogical and elemental analysis techniques, including techniques brought on actual and future instruments at the surface of Mars (Near InfraRed spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy). This paper presents the NIR measurements and interpretations acquired with the ExoMars MicrOmega spare instrument. MicrOmega is a NIR hyperspectral microscope, mounted in the analytical laboratory of the ExoMars rover Rosalind Franklin. All PTAL samples have been observed at least once with MicrOmega using a dedicated setup. For all PTAL samples data description and interpretation are presented. For some chosen examples, RGB images and spectra are presented a well. A comparison with characterizations by NIR and Raman spectrometry is discussed for some of the samples. In particular, the spectral imaging capacity of MicrOmega allows detections of mineral components and potential organic molecules that were not possible with other one-spot techniques. Additionally, it enables to estimate heterogeneities in the spatial distribution of various mineral species. The MicrOmega/PTAL data shall support the future observations and analyses performed by MicrOmega/Rosalind Franklin instrument.
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