改变计算机使用行为：用户想要什么，使用什么，体验什么
Changing Computer-Usage Behaviours: What Users Want, Use, and Experience
摘要：
基于技术的屏幕时间，即个人花在电脑或手机上的时间，在过去十年中呈指数级增长，但在COVID-19大流行期间可能最令人担忧。虽然存在许多基于软件的干预措施来减少屏幕时间，但用户报告了与干预时间，工具的严格性及其鼓励有机长期习惯形成的能力有关的各种问题。我们通过调查研究三个研究问题，并进一步了解计算机相关的行为改变应用程序的机制，制定了行为干预软件的设计指南。RQ1：人们想要改变什么，为什么/如何改变？RQ2：人们使用或已经使用了哪些应用程序，为什么它们工作或不工作，需要哪些额外的支持？RQ3：什么是有益/无益的电脑休息，为什么？我们的调查有68名参与者和三个关键发现。首先，时间管理是一个主要问题，但情绪和身体的副作用同样重要。其次，网站拦截器，自我跟踪器和定时器是常用的，但它们是无效的，因为它们容易被忽视，而不是个性化的。第三，远离电脑的休息时间，特别是涉及体力活动的休息时间，是有帮助的，而屏幕上的休息时间是没有帮助的，特别是当它们很长的时候，因为它们不会让人耳目一新。我们建议提供个性化和闭环的计算机使用行为改变支持，特别是鼓励脱离计算机屏幕时间。
英文摘要：
Technology based screentime, the time an individual spends engaging with their computer or cell phone, has increased exponentially over the past decade, but perhaps most alarmingly amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Although many software based interventions exist to reduce screentime, users report a variety of issues relating to the timing of the intervention, the strictness of the tool, and its ability to encourage organic, long-term habit formation. We develop guidelines for the design of behaviour intervention software by conducting a survey to investigate three research questions and further inform the mechanisms of computer-related behaviour change applications. RQ1: What do people want to change and why/how? RQ2: What applications do people use or have used, why do they work or not, and what additional support is desired? RQ3: What are helpful/unhelpful computer breaks and why? Our survey had 68 participants and three key findings. First, time management is a primary concern, but emotional and physical side-effects are equally important. Second, site blockers, self-trackers, and timers are commonly used, but they are ineffective as they are easy-to-ignore and not personalized. Third, away-from-computer breaks, especially involving physical activity, are helpful, whereas on-screen breaks are unhelpful, especially when they are long, because they are not refreshing. We recommend personalized and closed-loop computer-usage behaviour change support and especially encouraging off-the-computer screentime breaks.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
