耦合物质波电路中的相干相位滑移
Coherent phase slips in coupled matter-wave circuits
AI总结：
本研究设计了一种由两个弱耦合并排环形中性玻色子系统构成的物质波电路，发现了以绕数转移、粒子数近似恒定为特征的相干相位滑移现象，为冷原子实验中量子相位滑移的观测与操控提供了依据。
摘要：
量子相位滑移是相干网络中粒子隧穿的对偶过程。除了是凝聚态物理的核心研究方向外，量子相位滑移也是人们寻求在量子电路中操控的资源。在此，我们设计了一种可揭示量子相位滑移的特定物质波电路。具体而言，我们研究了两个通过弱连接耦合的并排环形中性玻色子系统的量子多体动力学。通过施加合适的磁通量，持续电流以给定的绕数在每个环中流动。我们证明，相干相位滑移表现为两个环之间的绕数转移，而每个环中的粒子数几乎保持恒定。这种现象是环流态特定纠缠的结果，因此无法通过系统的平均场处理来捕捉。我们的工作可能与冷原子实验中量子相位滑移的观测及其在物质波电路中的操控相关。为了与该领域建立联系，我们表明该现象在系统的动量分布中具有清晰的特征，可提供凝聚体的飞行时间图像。
英文摘要：
Quantum Phase slips are dual process of particle tunneling in coherent networks. Besides to be of central interest for condensed matter physics, quantum phase slips are resources that are sought to be manipulated in quantum circuits. Here, we devise a specific matter-wave circuit enlightening quantum phase slips. Specifically, we investigate the quantum many body dynamics of two side-by-side ring-shaped neutral bosonic systems coupled through a weak link. By imparting a suitable magnetic flux, persistent currents flow in each ring with given winding numbers. We demonstrate that coherent phase slips occur as winding number transfer among the two rings, with the populations in each ring remaining nearly constant. Such a phenomenon occurs as a result of a specific entanglement of circulating states, that, as such cannot be captured by a mean field treatment of the system. Our work can be relevant for the observation of quantum phase slips in cold atoms experiments and their manipulation in matter-wave circuits. To make contact with the field, we show that the phenomenon has clear signatures in the momentum distribution of the system providing the time of flight image of the condensate.
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