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arXiv 2112.06992astro-ph.GA
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不同质量球状星团中第二代恒星的形成

Second generation star formation in globular clusters of different masses

A. Yaghoobi, F. Calura, J. Rosdahl, H. Haghi

摘要:

通过三维流体动力学模拟,我们研究了不同质量的年轻球状星团中第二代星的形成。我们考虑具有质量为10^5和10^6 Msun的第一代渐近巨星分支(AGB)恒星的星团,它们以恒定速度穿过密度为10^(-24)和10^(-23)g cm^(-3)的均匀气体。我们的设置是为了重现一个年轻的集群与致密气体,e。G.在宿主星系的轨道运动中在低密度模型中,由于冷却的AGB喷出物聚集在中心,受到外部冲压压力的弱扰动,在时间尺度上形成了致密的中心富氦SG恒星成分,该时间尺度随着初始星系团质量的增加而减小。我们的高密度模型受到更强的冲压压力,这可以防止最富氦的AGB喷出物在集群中心的积累。因此,SG比低密度模型中的更扩展,更少He增强。通过将我们的结果与以前的模拟相结合,我们能够在两个数量级的质量(从10^5 Msun到10^7 Msun)的动力学范围内研究相关的,与星团相关的标度关系。在协议与目前的观测为基础的估计,我们发现SG-总数比和最大的他增强SG星作为初始集群质量的函数之间的正相关性。

英文摘要:

By means of three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, we investigate the formation of second generation (SG) stars in young globular clusters of different masses. We consider clusters with a first generation of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars with mass 10^5 and 10^6 Msun moving at constant velocity through a uniform gas with density 10^(-24) and 10^(-23) g cm^(-3). Our setup is designed to reproduce the encounter of a young cluster with a reservoir of dense gas, e. g. during its orbital motion in the host galaxy. In the low-density models, as a result of the cooling AGB ejecta which collect in the centre, weakly perturbed by the external ram pressure, a compact central He-rich SG stellar component is formed on a timescale which decreases with increasing initial cluster mass. Our high-density models are subject to stronger ram pressure, which prevents the accumulation of the most He-rich AGB ejecta in the cluster centre. As a result, the SG is more extended and less He-enhanced than in the low-density models. By combining our results with previous simulations, we are able to study relevant, cluster-related scaling relations across a dynamical range of two orders of magnitude in mass (from 10^5 Msun to 10^7 Msun). In agreement with current observationally-based estimates, we find positive correlations between the SG-to-total number ratio and maximum He enhancement in SG stars as a function of the initial cluster mass.

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